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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）  2021, Vol. 47 Issue (2): 135-146    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2020.08.171
综述     
农业物联网技术现状与发展趋势
聂鹏程1,2(),张慧1,2,耿洪良3,王铮3,何勇1,2,4()
1.浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院，杭州 310058
2.农业农村部光谱检测重点实验室（浙江大学），杭州 310058
3.西部电子商务股份有限公司，银川 750000
4.浙江大学华南工业技术研究院，广州 510530
Current situation and development trend of agricultural Internet of Things technology
Pengcheng NIE1,2(),Hui ZHANG1,2,Hongliang GENG3,Zheng WANG3,Yong HE1,2,4()
1.College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2.Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Zhejiang University), Hangzhou 310058, China
3.West Electronic Business Co. , Ltd. , Yinchuan 750000, China
4.Huanan Industrial Technology Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Guangzhou 510530, China
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摘要：

农业物联网技术是推动现代农业智能化发展的新兴技术，已广泛应用于农业生产的各个环节。随着新型感知技术、信息传输技术、人工智能、区块链等信息技术的快速发展，我国农业物联网应用面临新的机遇。光谱及光谱成像、机器视觉等新型传感技术，为实现快速实时无损感知提供了新思路。以5G为代表的新型通信技术，结合多源信息融合、人工智能、区块链、边缘计算等信息处理技术，使信息的传输与处理更加快速和安全可靠。本文从农业物联网的感知、传输、处理和应用4个核心层面，对农业物联网技术展开了较深入的分析，并结合新型信息技术体系，探索农业物联网的未来发展趋势，以期为我国未来农业物联网技术的创新和产业发展提供一些启示。
关键词： 农业物联网;  信息感知;  信息传输;  信息处理;  系统应用    
Abstract:

Agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) technology is an emerging technology to promote the intelligent development of modern agriculture, which has been widely used in every link of agricultural production. With the rapid development of information technologies such as new perception technology, information transmission technology, artificial intelligence, blockchain and other information technologies, the application of China’s agricultural IoT is facing new opportunities. New sensing technologies such as spectroscopy, spectral imaging, and machine vision provide new ideas for realizing fast, real-time, non-destructive sensing. The new communication technology represented by 5G, combined with information processing technologies such as multi-source information fusion, artificial intelligence, blockchain, edge computing, etc., makes the transmission and processing of information faster, safer and more reliable. This article deeply analyzed agricultural IoT technology from four core levels of perception, transmission, processing, and application. Based on the new information technology system, the frontier trends of future research were explored, in order to provide some enlightenment for the innovation and development of agricultural IoT technology in China in the future.
Key words: agricultural Internet of Things    information perception    information transmission    information processing    system application
收稿日期: 2020-08-17 出版日期: 2021-04-25
CLC:  S-1  
基金资助: 国家重点研发计划“政府间国际科技创新合作”重点专项(2019YFE0103800);广东省重点领域研发计划(2019B020216001);浙江省重点研发计划(2019C02083)
通讯作者: 何勇     E-mail: pcn@zju.edu.cn;yhe@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 聂鹏程（https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2973-7797），Tel：+86-571-88982456，E-mail：pcn@zju.edu.cn
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引用本文:

聂鹏程,张慧,耿洪良,王铮,何勇. 农业物联网技术现状与发展趋势[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2021, 47(2): 135-146.

Pengcheng NIE,Hui ZHANG,Hongliang GENG,Zheng WANG,Yong HE. Current situation and development trend of agricultural Internet of Things technology. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2021, 47(2): 135-146.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2020.08.171    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2021/V47/I2/135

图1  基于拉曼光谱的土壤中农药残留检测SERS：表面增强拉曼光谱；TERS：针尖增强拉曼光谱；SHINERS：壳层隔绝纳米粒子增强拉曼光谱。
图2  基于SERS技术的果蔬表面农药残留的快速无损检测
图3  农业物联网应用系统IoT：物联网；PAN：个人区域网络；LAN：局域网；WLAN：无线局域网。
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