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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）  2019, Vol. 45 Issue (5): 519-525    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2018.12.041
综述     
围生期奶牛易感疾病的原因及常见病患的早期监测
管若溦(),刘建新()
浙江大学动物科学学院奶业科学研究所，杭州 310058
Causes of susceptibility to diseases and early monitoring of common diseases in perinatal dairy cows
Ruowei GUAN(),Jianxin LIU()
Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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摘要：

围生期奶牛常处于能量负平衡状态，其身体功能的紊乱，会带来生理和代谢的双重应激，使奶牛处于疾病易感的状态，在环境不佳、饲养管理不当时，产后会诱发多类代谢性疾病和感染性疾病，严重威胁奶牛的健康和生产性能。因此，了解围生期奶牛产后易感疾病的原因并对疾病进行早期监测成为奶牛健康养殖的热点之一。本文从能量代谢、免疫功能、饲养管理及环境因素等多方面入手，阐述了围生期奶牛产后易感疾病的原因，并对血液、乳汁中常见病患的生物标志物及疾病早期监测的最新研究进展进行了综述。
关键词： 围生期;  代谢特征;  免疫抑制;  环境因素;  饲养管理;  早期监测    
Abstract:

The perinatal cows are often in a status of negative energy balance. During this period, their body systems will be disordered, and they will suffer from both physiological and metabolic stresses, making the cows susceptible to diseases. In a polluted environment and improper management, a variety of metabolic and infectious diseases will be induced in postpartum dairy cows, seriously threatening the health and production performance of dairy cows. Therefore, understanding the causes of susceptibility to metabolic disorders and infectious diseases in postpartum dairy cows and early monitoring of postpartum diseases have become current research hotspots in the dairy industry. This review summarized the causes of postpartum cows’ susceptible diseases from the energy metabolism, immune function, feeding management and environmental factors, and then gave an overview of the recent advances of blood and milk biomarkers and early monitoring of these common diseases.
Key words: perinatal period    metabolic characteristics    immunosuppression    environmental factors    feeding management    early monitoring
收稿日期: 2018-12-04 出版日期: 2019-12-05
CLC:  S 858.23  
基金资助: 国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-36);国家自然科学基金(31930107)
通讯作者: 刘建新     E-mail: 953995016@qq.com;liujx@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 管若溦（https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1521-1890），E-mail：953995016@qq.com
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引用本文:

管若溦,刘建新. 围生期奶牛易感疾病的原因及常见病患的早期监测[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2019, 45(5): 519-525.

Ruowei GUAN,Jianxin LIU. Causes of susceptibility to diseases and early monitoring of common diseases in perinatal dairy cows. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2019, 45(5): 519-525.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2018.12.041    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2019/V45/I5/519

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