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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)  2015, Vol. 41 Issue (6): 631-640    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2015.04.072
生物科学与技术     
二氧化碳气调对锯谷盗的毒力及其能源物质利用的影响
曹宇1， 闫玉芳2， 杨文佳1， 熊正利1， 王丽娟1， 李灿1*
1.贵阳学院生物与环境工程学院，有害生物控制与资源利用贵州省高校特色重点实验室，贵阳 550005；2.重庆市渝东南农业科学院，重庆 涪陵 408000
Influence of carbon dioxide controlled atmosphere on Oryzaephilus surinamensis Linne and its utilization of energy substances.
Cao Yu1, Yan Yufang 2, Yang Wenjia 1, Xiong Zhengli 1, Wang Lijuan 1, Li Can 1*
(1. Key & Special Laboratory of Guizhou High College for Pest Control and Resource Utilization, College of Biology and Engineering of Environment, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China; 2. Chongqing Yudongnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuling 408000, Chongqing, China)
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摘要： 为探讨二氧化碳（CO2）气调对锯谷盗（Oryzaephilus surinamensis Linne）的控制作用，研究了不同CO2浓度对锯谷盗的毒力效果，以及CO2气调胁迫与致死作用对锯谷盗能源物质含量和利用的影响，以期从生理生化角度探讨CO2气调的作用机制。试验在温度（25±1） ℃、相对湿度（70±5）%的条件下进行，CO2气调设为10%、30%、50%、70%和90% 5个梯度，每隔3 h观察其对锯谷盗的致死情况；另外，利用各浓度CO2胁迫2、4、6和8 h及致死后，测定锯谷盗体内多糖、可溶性蛋白质及脂肪含量，计算其利用率。结果表明：不同CO2气调浓度处理对锯谷盗具有不同的毒力作用，随着其浓度的升高，毒力逐渐增强，在10% CO2处理下，50%锯谷盗致死时间和99%锯谷盗致死时间分别为52.23和131.45 h，在90% CO2处理下分别为12.52和32.44 h；在气调胁迫下，同浓度CO2处理随着时间的延长以及胁迫相同时间随着CO2浓度的升高，锯谷盗体内多糖、可溶性蛋白质及脂肪含量均降低，利用率逐渐提高，其对3种能源物质的利用率为可溶性蛋白质≈脂肪>多糖。在气调致死下，不同能源物质剩余量均随着气调浓度的升高逐渐增多，但均低于其气调胁迫不同时间后的含量；同时，锯谷盗对3种能源物质的利用率逐渐降低，但均高于气调胁迫不同时间后的利用率，其对三者的利用率为多糖>可溶性蛋白质>脂肪。因此，不同CO2气调浓度对锯谷盗不同的毒力可能与昆虫对能源物质的不同响应有关，昆虫对能源物质利用的显著差异可能与其抗气性的形成有关。
Abstract: The application of controlled atmosphere (CA), is an effective, safe, and residue-free alternative compared with chemical fumigants and protectants against pests and mites, and using of carbon dioxide (CO2) has received considerable attention in disinfesting stored foodstuffs, particularly durable products. There are reports about the toxic effects of CO2-enriched atmospheres on several insect pests of stored products, but the data on the toxicity of CO2 against Oryzaephilus surinamensis Linne are limited. Oryzaephilus surinamensis is one of the major pests of stored spices and spice products found in many districts and countries, causing huge losses to stored products especially economical crops and food products. Oryzaephilus surinamensis management in stored food commodities is facing a challenge resulting from pesticide residues in foodstuffs and the increasing resistance of insects to conventional chemical pesticides. It is essential to develop alternative pest control techniques for protecting stored commodities. Therefore, the toxicities of different CO2-enriched atmospheres to O. surinamensis were studied, and in order to explore the action mechanism of CO2 controlled atmosphere at physiological and biochemical levels, the energy substance content and its utilization rate in O.surinamensis were also determined and calculated after stress of several hours under different CO2 concentrations or until dead. The experiments were conducted at the constant temperature of（25±1） ℃ and relative humidity of（70±5）%. Oryzaephilus surinamensis were exposed under different CO2 concentrations (10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 90%), and the mortality of every three hours were observed until all of the insects died. In addition, the contents of polysaccharide, soluble protein and lipid in O. surinamensis were determined after the CO2 stress for 2, 4, 6, 8 h or until dead under the different CO2 concentrations, and the energy substance contents of O. surinamensis in normal atmosphere were determined to calculate the utilization rate of each energy substance. The results showed that different concentrations of CO2 had different toxicity on O. surinamensis, and the toxicity became stronger with higher CO2 concentration. The lethal time of 50% (LT50) and 99% (LT99) O. surinamensis were 52.23 and 131.45 h under 10% CO2, while they were 12.52 and 32.44 h under 90% CO2, respectively. The contents of polysaccharide, soluble protein and lipid decreased, but the utilization rate increased, with increasing CO2 concentration under the same stress time or with the extension of stress time under the same CO2 concentration, and the consumptions of the three kinds of energy substances were soluble protein ≈ lipid > polysaccharide in all the stress treatments. The residual contents of energy substance in O. surinamensis performed a gradual increase with the increasing CO2 concentration after the CO2 stress until dead, but decreased in its utilization rate. And the O. surinamensis had less residual content of energy substances under the CO2 long stress until dead than that under the CO2 short stress for 2, 4, 6 and 8 h, but it had higher utilization rate with the consumption of polysaccharide > soluble protein > lipid. Comparison of the utilization rates showed that soluble protein and lipid were the main energy substances, followed by polysaccharide, to deal with the short CO2 stress time; but polysaccharide was the prior energy substance of O. surinamensis to respond to the long stress period until dead, followed by soluble protein, and lipid was the last. So the different toxicity of different CO2 concentrations to O. surinamensis may have some relationship between different responses of insects to the energy substances and the CO2 stress, revealing that the significantly different utilization rates of energy substances in insect probably have some associations with its resistance development to CO2.
出版日期: 2015-11-20
CLC:  Q 966  
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曹宇
闫玉芳
杨文佳
熊正利
王丽娟
李灿

引用本文:

曹宇，闫玉芳，杨文佳，熊正利，王丽娟，李灿. 二氧化碳气调对锯谷盗的毒力及其能源物质利用的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2015, 41(6): 631-640.

Cao Yu, Yan Yufang, Yang Wenjia, Xiong Zhengli, Wang Lijuan, Li Can. Influence of carbon dioxide controlled atmosphere on Oryzaephilus surinamensis Linne and its utilization of energy substances.. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2015, 41(6): 631-640.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2015.04.072    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2015/V41/I6/631

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