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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)  2010, Vol. 36 Issue (6): 641-649    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2010.06.008
农业科学     
甘蓝型油菜分子距离与杂种优势和产量表型的相关分析
徐小栋,陈飞,倪西源,张晓伟,赵坚义
徐小栋,浙江师范大学生物与化学学院,浙江金华321000;浙江省农业科学院作物与核技术利用研究所,浙江杭州310021; 陈飞,浙江省农业科学院作物与核技术利用研究所,浙江杭州310021; 倪西源,浙江省农业科学院作物与核技术利用研究所,浙江杭州310021; 张晓伟,浙江省嘉兴市南湖区农作物管理站,浙江嘉兴314051 赵坚义,浙江省农业科学院作物与核技术利用研究所,浙江杭州310021;
Analysis of relationships between molecular distances and heterosis of F1 performance in Brassica Napus L
XU Xiao-dong,CHEN Fei,NI Xi-yuan,ZHANG Xiao-wei,ZHAO Jian-yi
XU Xiao-dong,College of Chemistry and Life Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua,Zhejiang321000,China;Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China; CHEN Fei,Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China; NI Xi-yuan,Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China; ZHANG Xiao-wei,Crop Administration Station of Nanhu District,Jiaxing,Zhejiang314051,China ZHAO Jian-yi,Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;
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摘要： 利用 RAPD分子标记研究油菜亲本间的遗传距离与 F1杂种优势和产量表型之间的关系,为科 学合理筛选双亲配组,获得强优势高产组合提供依据 。根据18个 RAPD引物对38份甘蓝型油菜品种 进行分析,用获得的97条高分辨率多态性条带进行遗传聚类,在相似系数约0 。65处所有材料被划分为 中国双高品种、中国双低品种、欧洲和加拿大春油菜以及欧洲和加拿大冬油菜4大类群 ;从不同类群中 选取来自不同产区的9个品种,采用半双列杂交产生的36个组合进行产量鉴定和性状考察 。结果表明 : 1)按36个组合分析,遗传距离与产量中亲优势和超亲优势均无显著相关( r=0.0 32和-0.0 42),但单 株产量与中亲优势和超亲优势间的相关系数分别达到0.7 78和0.7 18,均呈极显著相关 ;2)按10种组合 类型分析,遗传距离与中亲优势和超亲优势之间的相关系数则为0.7 89和0.6 59,分别达极显著和显著 水平 ;平均产量与超亲优势的相关系数为0.6 06,达显著水平 ;3)产量前10位的组合中,中×欧组合占 了6个,优势强度和产量表型均优于其他类型组合,尤其中×欧春组合优势和产量最为突出 ;4)分析10 个高产组合的优势来源,分别有9个和8个组合的单株角果数和千粒质量呈正向优势,4个组合粒数/粒 质量表现出优势互补 。说明单凭品种间分子距离不足以准确预测油菜杂种优势和决定亲本配组 ;中×欧组 合类型中获得强优势高产 F1杂交种的机率较大 ;综合考虑杂种优势、产量水平、品质特性和生育期适应 性,认为在我国长江流域油菜杂交种的选育中,应优先利用国外双低春油菜品种基因资源 。同时,注重选择 单位面积角果数和千粒质量同时有显著正向优势或千粒质量和角果粒数互补优势明显的组合类型 。
Abstract: Genetic diversity among38 oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) cultivars originated from China,European and Canada were evaluated using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers.Nine representative cultivars and their 36 F1 hybrids,obtained by half diallel cross design,were used to analyze the relationship between molecular distances and yield heterosis.The results showed that polymorphic bands were obtained from 18 RAPD primers,and cluster analysis classified these 38 cultivars into4 clear-cut groups.Correlation analysis indicated that genetic distance was no significant positive correlation with mid-parent heterosis (MP),over-parent heterosis (HP) and yield per plant among 36 F1 combinations. However,when dividing them into 10 combination types according to dendrogram of parents,it was revealed that genetic distances were highly significantly correlated with MP ( r = 0.7 89,P < 0.0 1),HP ( r = 0.6 59,P < 0.0 5),respectively,and there was also positive correlation between yield per plant and HP at P <0.0 5 level.In addition,most China/European F1 hybrids had more visible heterosis and higher yield performance than other combination types,especially in those produced from China/European-spring crosses.Dissection of yield heterosis for the top 10 F1 hybrids disclosed that9 and8 combination exhibited the positive heterosis of siliques per plant and1000-seeds mass,respectively,while 4 combination showed complementary relationships between seeds per silique and1000-seeds mass.These results indicate that it is not sufficient to accurately predict heterosis and yield performance alone according to molecular distance between parental lines.It is more possible to achieve successful F1 hybrids in China/European crosses.Comprehensively considering heterosis,yield performance,seed quality and growth habit,it might be prior suggested to choose spring type rapeseed cultivars from European or Canada as parental or breeding materials in rapeseed hybrid developments in China.In addition,the combination types of the significantly positive heterosis of siliques per plant and 1000-seeds mass,or strong complementary heterosis between seeds per silique and 1000-seeds mass were recommended to obtain high yield of F1 hybrids.
出版日期: 2010-11-09
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赵坚义
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陈飞

引用本文:

徐小栋,陈飞,倪西源,张晓伟,赵坚义. 甘蓝型油菜分子距离与杂种优势和产量表型的相关分析[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2010, 36(6): 641-649.

XU Xiao-dong,CHEN Fei,NI Xi-yuan,ZHANG Xiao-wei,ZHAO Jian-yi. Analysis of relationships between molecular distances and heterosis of F1 performance in Brassica Napus L. Journal of Zhejiang University: Agric. & Life Sci., 2010, 36(6): 641-649.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2010.06.008    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2010/V36/I6/641

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