Graphene-based piezoresistive composite and application in crack monitoring

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.02.003

Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science)

2020, Vol. 54

Issue (2): 233-240 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.02.003

Civil and Transportation Engineering

Graphene-based piezoresistive composite and application in crack monitoring

Zhi-qiang WU(

),Jun WEI*(

),Rong-zhen DONG

School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China

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Abstract

In order to remedy the deficiency of existing flexible strain sensors in health monitoring, an elastic composite material with piezoresistive effect was prepared by the solution blending and solvent evaporation method, with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as conductive filler, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) as dispersant and structural skeleton, and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as elastic matrix. The microstructure, mechanical properties, electrical conductivity and electromechanical performance of the composite were investigated. Results show that CNF can significantly improve the dispersion of rGO in the PDMS matrix, and help to form stable three-dimensional reinforcing and conductive networks, increasing the elastic modulus and conductivity of the composite. When the mass fractions of rGO and CNF in PDMS were 10% and 3%, respectively, the elastic modulus of the composite reached the maximum value of 2.53 MPa, with the electrical conductivity of 0.34 S/m. When the strain of the composite film was less than 10%, the relative variation of resistance was linear with the strain. The maximum sensitivity coefficient was 63, and the corresponding mass fractions of rGO and CNF were 10% and 3%, respectively. When the strain was more than 10%, the resistance varied exponentially. The electromechanical response mechanism of the composite was analyzed, and the composite was applied to the monitoring of fatigue cracks of materials or components. A film sensor of stress intensity factors was designed, and its feasibility was verified by theoretical analysis.

Key words： reduced graphene oxide cellulose nanofiber polydimethylsiloxane piezoresistive effect film sensor

Received: 26 May 2019 Published: 10 March 2020

CLC:

TU 599

Corresponding Authors: Jun WEI E-mail: 124801026@csu.edu.cn;juneweii@126.com

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Cite this article:

Zhi-qiang WU,Jun WEI,Rong-zhen DONG. Graphene-based piezoresistive composite and application in crack monitoring. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(2): 233-240.

URL:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.02.003 OR http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/Y2020/V54/I2/233

石墨烯压阻复合材料及其在裂纹监测中的应用

为了弥补现有柔性应变传感器在健康监测上的不足，以还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）为导电填料，纳米纤维素（CNF）为分散剂和结构骨架，硅橡胶（PDMS）为聚合物弹性基体，采用溶液共混和溶剂挥发法，制备具有压阻效应的弹性复合材料. 对复合材料进行微观结构、力学、电学和机敏性能分析，结果表明，CNF能有效协助rGO在PDMS基体中均匀分散，形成稳定的三维增强和导电网络，提高复合材料的弹性模量和电导率. 当rGO、CNF占PDMS的质量分数分别为10%、3%时，复合材料的弹性模量最大为2.53 MPa，电导率为0.34 S/m. 当复合材料薄膜应变小于10%时，电阻相对变化量与应变呈线性关系，灵敏系数最大为63，对应rGO、CNF的质量分数分别为10%、3%；当应变大于10%时，呈指数变化. 分析复合材料的力电响应机理，将复合材料应用于材料或构件疲劳裂纹的监测中，设计应力强度因子薄膜传感器，并通过理论分析验证其可行性.

关键词： 还原氧化石墨烯, 纳米纤维素, 硅橡胶, 压阻效应, 薄膜传感器

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of preparation process of rGO-CNF/PDMS composite

Fig.2 Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra of rGO and rGO-CNF suspension liquid

Fig.3 Comparison of rGO and rGO-CNF suspension liquid before and after standing

Fig.4 Microscopic morphology of rGO, CNF and rGO-CNF/PDMS

Tab.1 Mass fraction of rGO and CNF in PDMS of film samples

Fig.5 Elastic modulus of rGO-CNF/PDMS film samples of different groups

Fig.6 Electrical conductivity of rGO-CNF/PDMS film samples of different groups

Fig.7 Correlation of resistance change rate and strain of B10/3 and C20/6 film samples

Fig.8 Strain sensing properties of B10/3 film sample after repeated stretching

Fig.9 Correlation of resistance change rate and strain （<10%） of rGO-CNF/PDMS film samples

Fig.10 Film sensor of stress intensity factor


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