A liquid cooling battery module based on mini-channel wavy tube was established considering the heat dissipation performance of cylindrical power batteries. Three-dimensional transient analysis of the heat dissipation performance was conducted for the proposed battery module by using electrochemical thermal model, and the channel quantity and contact angle of the wavy tube were changed to optimize the liquid cooling configurations. The 10-channel wavy tube shows apparent advantages; an increase in contact angle positively affects the heat dissipation efficiency of the liquid cooling configurations and improves the temperature field homogeneity of the battery module. When the battery module was discharged with 1 C rate at 35 °C, the maximum temperature and local temperature difference on the surfaces of the battery module can be respectively controlled below 40 °C and 5 °C by using the 10-channel wavy tube with a contact angle greater than 40° even at a low mass flow rate of 4×10?3 kg/s. Experiments under optimized conditions were performed to validate the heat transfer performance of the battery module. The simulated results are consistent with the experimental values, thereby corroborating the heat dissipation effectiveness of the mini-channel wavy tube. The simulated results can provide specific reference values for the thermal management of cylindrical power battery modules.
Fig.1Structure diagram of 18650 lithium-ion battery module
Fig.2Structure diagram of mini-channel wavy tube
参数
ρ/（kg·m?3）
c/（J·kg?1·K?1）
k/（W·m?1·K?1）
μ/（g·m?1·s?1）
电池
2 478
806
kr=1.30, kz=14.15
?
波形扁管
2 719
871
202.4
?
液冷工质
1 066.3
3 338
0.391
2.56
Tab.1Thermo-physical parameters used in this work
Fig.3Maximum temperature on battery surfaces with different grid numbers
Fig.4Variation of maximum temperature on battery surfaces and temperature difference in battery module with different channel quantities
Fig.5Variation of maximum temperature of battery surfaces and temperature difference in battery module with different contact angles
Fig.6Temperature distribution on axial plane of monitored batteries
Fig.7Locations of monitored batteries and thermocouples
Fig.8Comparison between experimental and simulated results for variation of battery surface temperatures under representative cooling condition
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