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Progress on plant-microorganism combined remediation of organic pollutants |
HUANG Junwei1, CHUANG Shaochuang1, CHEN Kai1, LING Wanting2, TANG Xiangyu3, JIANG Jiandong1* |
(1. Key Lab of Environmental Microbiology for Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; 2. College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China) |
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Abstract Organic pollutants including chemical pesticides, petroleum compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), have caused serious environmental problems and posed new threats to human health when released into environments. Therefore, studies on the remediation of organic pollutants in contaminated-sites have received great concern. Plant-microorganism combined remediation of organic pollutants is a method to enrich, fix and degrade organic pollutants in soil by means of plant-microbe composite system, which is highly efficient, environmentally friendly and cheap, and has been paid more and more attention. On one hand, the roots of plants continue to provide secretions and other metabolites for microorganisms, improve the contents of soil organic matter in roots, thus increasing the microbial diversity and microbial activity, and promoting the ability of microbial remediation of organic pollutants. On the other hand, rhizosphere microorganisms secrete organic acids and other substances, are able to change the existing state or redox state of organic pollutants in the environment, and reduce the toxicity of organic compounds to plants, strengthen the tolerance of plants, and promote the absorption, transfer and enrichment of organic pollutants. Plant-microorganism is mutually beneficial to each other, which can enhance the effect of phytoremediation. The combined forms of phytoremediation include plant- rhizosphere microorganisms, plant- mycorrhizal fungi, plantendophyte and plant-specific degrading bacteria. In recent years, a series of advances have been made in phytoremediation of plant-microorganism combination. Such as, the interaction of alfalfa and soil microbial could greatly reduce the concentration of PCBs in soil; the inoculation of rhizobium and mycorrhizal fungi enhanced the ability of alfalfa to remove PCBs. Regarding the problems raised in the development of bioremediation, the following three aspects should be emphasized in the study of plant-microorganism remediation in the future: 1) Screen selected microbial strains and plant materials to improve the remediation efficiency of microbe and resistance of plants; 2) strengthen the real- time monitoring ability of bioremediation process of organic pollutants, optimize and control the living environment of plants and microorganisms, and improve the efficiency of remediation; 3) improve the degradation efficiency by enhancing the bioavailability of pollutants to strengthen the bioremediation effect.
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Received: 16 May 2017
Published: 25 September 2017
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Corresponding Authors:
jiang_jjd@njau.edu.cn
E-mail: jiang_jjd@njau.edu.cn
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有机污染物的植物-微生物联合修复技术研究进展
环境中有机污染物如各类农药、石油化合物、多环芳烃、多氯联苯等导致了严重的环境污染问题,对人类健康也造成了严重威胁。因此,对环境中有机污染物的去除研究引起了人们的重视。在有机污染物修复技术中,最新出现的植物-微生物联合修复技术因其高效、环境友好和修复成本低等优点受到越来越多的关注。本文论述了有机污染物的植物-微生物联合修复技术原理、形式及其在污染土壤修复应用中的研究进展,并讨论了植物-微生物联合修复技术今后的研究重点,以期为环境中有机污染物修复提供参考。
关键词:
植物,
联合修复,
生物修复,
有机污染物,
微生物
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