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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）  2017, Vol. 43 Issue (2): 137-145    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2016.04.211
综述     
流域非点源污染的最佳管理措施成本效益分析研究进展
常舰1，俞洁2，王飞儿1*，郑思远
1.浙江大学环境与资源学院环境保护研究所，杭州310058；2.浙江省环境监测中心，杭州310012
 Cost- effectiveness analysis of best management practices for non- point source pollution in watersheds: A review.
CHANG Jian1, YU Jie2, WANG Feier1*, ZHENG Siyuan1
(1. Institute of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; 2. Zhejiang Environmental Monitoring Center, Hangzhou 310012, China)
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摘要： 非点源污染是当前流域水质恶化的主要原因之一，最佳管理措施（BMPs）作为一种将工程类措施和非工程 类措施相结合的综合污染防控体系，已成为非点源污染治理最为有效的手段。而经济技术指标则是各类最佳管理 措施筛选中的重要评价因子。该文从BMPs成本效益分析的概念界定、分析方法以及相关应用3个方面，阐述了在 非点源污染控制中BMPs经济评估方法及实践，并对未来研究提出了一些建议和展望。
关键词： 非点源污染;  最佳管理措施;  成本效益分析    
Abstract: Non- point source (NPS) pollution has been the major influential factor for degradation of water bodies. Best management practices (BMPs), as an integrated system for pollution prevention and control, which combines both structural and non-structural measures, has been considered as one of the most effective solution for non- point source pollution. However, economic cost has been an important factor for screening the best management practice. Taking economic feasibility into consideration, the implementation of BMPs would be more practical and resource- saving, which can effectively alleviate the contradiction between economic development and environmental protection in basin management. Since few studies on research progress of BMPs cost-effectiveness analysis have been reported in China, methods of cost-effectiveness analysis were illustrated in this paper, to provide the foundation for the further research. Recently, relevant researchers have used empirical calculation methods and economic models to estimate costs of BMPs, and non-point source pollution model was developed to evaluate environmental benefits. According to the accounting results, two optimization criteria, namely cost minimization and benefit maximization, were employed to screen for the most cost-effective measures. Application of cost- effectiveness analysis method included three categories, coupling NPS model with empirical calculation methods, coupling NPS model with economic model and cost-effectiveness analysis based on optimization algorithm. Besides, the limitations were discussed based on differences of time and space scale in coupling models and uncertainty issues. In the future, as the cost- effectiveness analysis of BMPs is related to various aspects of environmental, economic and social factors, on the one hand, more comprehensive agricultural economic database and water quality database should be built and fully validated, to reduce the uncertainty in the process of simulation. On the other hand, continuous development of computer technology could be expected, to improve efficiency and accuracy of cost-effectiveness analysis, and to strengthen the coupling of different types of model, eventually improving the feasibility in application of cost-effectiveness analysis method. In this paper, three aspects on application of BMPs economical assessment method in non- point source pollution control were illustrated, including concept definition, analysis methods and relevant applications. Suggestions and prospects on trend of further research were also deeply analyzed and summarized.
Key words: non-point source pollution    best management practices (BMPs)    cost-effectiveness analysis
出版日期: 2017-03-25
CLC:  X 506  
基金资助:  国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2014ZX07101-012）
通讯作者: 王飞儿（http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0411-3494），Tel:+86-571-88982360，E-mail: wangfeier@zju.edu.cn   
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常舰
俞洁
王飞儿
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引用本文:

常舰, 俞洁, 王飞儿, 郑思远. 流域非点源污染的最佳管理措施成本效益分析研究进展[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2017, 43(2): 137-145.

CHANG Jian, YU Jie, WANG Fei’er, ZHENG Siyuan.  Cost- effectiveness analysis of best management practices for non- point source pollution in watersheds: A review.. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2017, 43(2): 137-145.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2016.04.211    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2017/V43/I2/137

 
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