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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)  2016, Vol. 42 Issue (6): 687-693    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2016.01.252
生物科学与技术     
小檗科黄芦木和安徽小檗的叶片特征及其地理分布
施小平， 袁森， 李新华*， 邢桂培
南京农业大学生命科学学院，南京 210095
Leaf characteristics and geographical distribution of Berberis amurensis and B. anhweiensis of Berberidaceae
SHI Xiaoping, YUAN Sen, LI Xinhua*, XING Guipei
(College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China)
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摘要： 为了进一步揭示近缘种黄芦木（Berberis amurensis）与安徽小檗（B. anhweiensis）的种间关系，通过野外调查取样及实验分析方法，研究它们的叶片形态与微形态特征，及其地理分布式样。结果显示：黄芦木和安徽小檗的叶片形状相似，两者叶缘具密集的细刺齿、网状脉序，叶片上表皮细胞平周壁轮廓呈近似的四边形至六边形、垂周壁波状或近平直，叶片下表皮具无规则型和辐射型气孔器，两者叶表皮蜡质层纹饰类型相似；并且，黄芦木和安徽小檗基本上存在连续的地理分布式样。此外，已有研究表明，2种植物在花序类型、果实形态等主要分类学特征方面也基本相同。因此，将安徽小檗处理为黄芦木的异名。
Abstract: Within the genus Berberis L., B. amurensis Rupr. and B. anhweiensis Ahrendt are easily confused in the main taxonomic characters, and the demarcation between these two species usually depends on the site information of their living plants or specimens. 
In order to further reveal their interspecific relationship, the leaf morphological and micromorphological features of B. amurensis and B. anhweiensis were studied by means of field surveys and experimental observation, and their geographical distribution patterns were also mapped and analyzed based on specimen check and literature analysis. 
The results showed that, although the leaf shape of both B. amurensis and B. anhweiensis varied greatly, continuous variation patterns still existed in both species, and obvious similarities were found between the two species in features of leaf shape, dense spinescent teeth on the leaf margin, and the reticulate venation.
Light microscopy observation showed that, the outline of the periclinal walls of the leaf adaxial epidermal cells was approximately tetragonal to hexagonal in both B. amurensis and B. anhweiensis , but the anticlinal walls of the leaf adaxial epidermal cells were undulate or approximately straight in B. amurensis, and nearly straight or slightly undulate in  B. anhweiensis. The outline of the periclinal walls of the leaf abaxial epidermal cells was irregularly polygonal in B. amurensis, and its anticlinal walls were undulate. The outline of the periclinal walls of the leaf abaxial epidermal cells was regularly polygonal in  B. anhweiensis, and its anticlinal walls were nearly straight or slightly undulate. Both the two species were hypostomatic, and their stomata were all actinocytic and anomocytic.
Scanning electron microscope observation revealed that, the leaf adaxial epidermis of B. amurensis was nearly smooth, or was covered with dense granular wax ornamentation, and the outline of the periclinal walls of the epidermal cells was irregularly polygonal, and the anticlinal walls were undulate; the leaf abaxial epidermis was nearly smooth, or was covered with dense granular wax ornamentation and remarkable bifurcate ridges. The leaf adaxial epidermis of B. anhweiensis was covered with dense fine granular wax ornamentation, and the outline of the periclinal walls of the epidermal cells was irregularly polygonal, and the anticlinal walls were undulate or approximately straight; the leaf abaxial epidermis was covered with dense granular or short filiform wax ornamentation and notable bifurcate ridges. The outline of the periclinal walls and the anticlinal walls of the leaf abaxial epidermal cells were all obscure in both B. amurensis and B. anhweiensis, and the inner margin of the outer stomatal ledges was nearly smooth or partially notched.
There existed no obvious disjunctive geographical distribution between B. amurensis and B. anhweiensis in China, and the populations of B. amurensis might have extended its distribution from North China, via Qinling Mountains and Funiu Mountains, southward to Dabie Mountains, located across Central and East China, and spread closely to the distribution areas of  B. anhweiensis in East China. 
Berberis anhweiensis was reported by AHRENDT in 1961, although AHRENDT considered that this species resembled B. chekiangensis Ahrendt; in fact, B. anhweiensis was much more similar to B. amurensis. Because of the considerable similarities between B. amurensis and B. anhweiensis in the morphological and micromorphological characteristics of leaves, together with the notable resemblances in other key taxonomic characters, e.g.inflorescence type and fruit morphology, which have been revealed by previous studies, and its continuous geographical distribution patterns, it is reasonable to treat B. anhweiensis as the synonymy of B. amurensis.
出版日期: 2016-11-19
CLC:  Q 949.746.8  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金（31170174）
通讯作者: 李新华(http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9309-4944),E-mail:lixinhua@njau.edu.cn   
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引用本文:

施小平， 袁森， 李新华， 邢桂培. 小檗科黄芦木和安徽小檗的叶片特征及其地理分布[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2016, 42(6): 687-693.

SHI Xiaoping, YUAN Sen, LI Xinhua, XING Guipei . Leaf characteristics and geographical distribution of Berberis amurensis and B. anhweiensis of Berberidaceae. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2016, 42(6): 687-693.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2016.01.252    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2016/V42/I6/687

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