Thermal desorption (TD) is a mainstream technology for the remediation of organic compound-contaminated soil. By reviewing the domestic and foreign research on the remediation of organic compound-contaminated soil by TD, this paper systematically introduces the principle, characteristics, and classification of TD. The impact of key operating parameters (such as heating temperature and heating time), certain physical and chemical properties (such as soil texture, moisture content), and external conditions (such as additives and the carrier gas) on the TD process is summarized. Next, pollutants’ migration and their transformation processes, as well as the laws governing the TD process, are briefly described. Finally, the prospects of TD, in terms of its future research and development directions, are described, with the aim of providing references for the application and promotion of TD.

In this study, we prepared Fe2O3–Nb2O5 binary mixed oxide catalysts using co-precipitation (CP), sol-gel (SG), and solid process (SR) methods and tested their performance. All the catalysts exhibited over 75% NOx removal efficiency between 250 °C and 400 °C. Compared with the samples prepared by the SR method, catalyst synthesized using CP and SG methods possessed a larger specific surface area, which could compensate for the lower surface area-normalized reaction rate originating from the insufficient reactive surface oxygen species, hence exhibiting a relatively high low-temperature apparent deNOx activity. However, at a high-temperature region, limited amount of reactive surface oxygen species, together with abundant strong acid sites, facilitated the proceeding of NH3 reduction of NOx, which well explained the higher apparent activity of the catalyst prepared by SG method than the other two samples. It seemed that specific surface area had an important role to play in the low-temperature apparent performance of the catalysts, while chemical properties mainly decided the activity at an elevated temperature.

The complicated structured dyes produced by the textile industry have become a serious problem in the last few decades, which can be attributed to their stable chemical structures and difficult to degrade. Therefore, in this article, we described a method to fix dye macromolecules by flocculation process and then transform the colloid to N, S, Cl-doped porous carbon materials. This material can effectively improve the capacity and cycle stability of lithium ion batteries, and recycle the dyes in the water. The N, S, Cl-doped porous carbon materials show a superior electrocatalytic performance of 473.5 mAhg?1 at the current density of 100 mAg?1 after 60 cycles. The present work combines the lithium ion batteries with dyes waste treatment and has a broad prospect for development.

Wind power produces more electricity than any other form of renewable energy in the United Kingdom (UK) and plays a key role in decarbonisation of the grid. Although wind energy is seen as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, there are still several environmental impacts associated with all stages of the lifecycle of a wind farm. This study determined the material composition for wind turbines for various sizes and designs and the prevalence of such turbines over time, to accurately quantify waste generation following wind turbine decommissioning in the UK. The end of life stage is becoming increasingly important as a rapid rise in installation rates suggests an equally rapid rise in decommissioning rates can be expected as wind turbines reach the end of their 20–25-year operational lifetime. Waste data analytics were applied in this study for the UK in 5-year intervals, stemming from 2000 to 2039. Current practices for end of life waste management procedures have been analysed to create baseline scenarios. These scenarios have been used to explore potential waste management mitigation options for various materials and components such as reuse, remanufacture, recycling, and heat recovery from incineration. Six scenarios were then developed based on these waste management options, which have demonstrated the significant environmental benefits of such practices through quantification of waste reduction and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions savings. For the 2015–2019 time period, over 35 kilotonnes of waste are expected to be generated annually. Overall waste is expected to increase over time to more than 1200 kilotonnes annually by 2039. Concrete is expected to account for the majority of waste associated with wind turbine decommissioning initially due to foundations for onshore turbines accounting for approximately 80% of their total weight. By 2035–2039, steel waste is expected to account for almost 50% of overall waste due to the emergence of offshore turbines, the foundations of which are predominantly made of steel.

The 2019–2020 coronavirus pandemic imposed unprecedented challenges in Brazilian governance sectors, mostly in the waste management system. Herein, we analyse the main challenges of the recycling sector in Brazil to cope with this scenario. Understanding difficulties during the pandemic outbreak of COVID-19 can help improve waste recycling in the post-pandemic period in Brazil and other developing nations that face similar issues. The current pandemic exposed the deficiencies of this system, and some important lessons can be learned. Recommendations are drawn to advance the proper management of recyclables in the country. The Government must increase total investments in the recycling industry's infrastructure and support local recycling initiatives during a public health crisis and beyond. In sum, this paper strengthens the idea that waste segregation at the source and selective collection will not be sufficient without massive investments in the recycling sector’s infrastructure. The future challenge includes strengthening the economic markets for recycled materials.

Traditional cement-based materials are being gradually replaced by nanomodified cement-based materials because the traditional materials cannot meet the production needs of modern society. Nano-iron boride (nano-FeB) is a high-performance nanomaterial prepared from waste iron powder during construction. Its one-dimensional structure is similar to that of carbon nanotubes, which makes it a potential candidate for nano-reinforcement materials. In this paper, the effects of different contents of recycled nano-FeB (0%, 0.05%, 0.075%, and 0.1 wt.%, based on cement weight) on the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of cement mortar were studied. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the composite cement mortar were improved with the addition of nano-FeB. When the content of nano-FeB was 0.075%, the 28 d compressive strength and flexural strength of the composite cement mortar increased by 60.2% and 42.1%, respectively. In addition, a 0.075% nano-FeB content favorably improved the conductivity of cement mortar. Compared with that of the control group, the volume resistivity of the composite cement mortar decreased by one order of magnitude.

Nowadays, traditional energy resources are going into a vulnerable condition gradually. On that note biogas is an emerging subsidiary solution. Generally, cow-dung is used as a basic raw material to produce biogas. In this study, various forms of putrescible waste like kitchen and vegetable waste were giving emphasis to produce biogas as a replacement of cow dung as well as good management of putrescible waste. 2000 kg of kitchen and 1050 kg of vegetable waste were used in a biogas plant continuously for 15 days with a waste/water ratio of 1:1.5. Average 133.33 kg of kitchen and 70 kg of vegetable waste generated 2.27 kg and 1.17 kg of biogas per day respectively. Moreover, the average time of burning of biogas for kitchen and vegetable waste was 7.92 h. and 4.08 h. per day in some respects. The benefit–cost ratio was greater than 1 for both cases that’s why it can be reckoned as an efficacious process. Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was performed to forecast the amount of biogas generation for kitchen and vegetable waste for the next 10 years. The residual sum of square (RSS) value of the ARIMA model for kitchen and vegetable waste was 0.028437 and 0.139524 respectively which indicates accuracy. Finally, predictions of the amount of biogas generation are plotted with a 95% confidence interval. The forecast indicates that biogas from kitchen waste is more proficient than vegetable waste for the next 10 years. So, this putrescible waste can be a prominent raw material for next-gen biogas production.

Incineration experiment of medical waste was carried out in a mobile animal carcass incinerator. Simulated medical waste (69% cotton, 1.5% wood product, 4.5% mask and 25% moisture) was used as raw material. The temperature trend of first and second combustion chamber, the operating conditions and the emission characteristics of gaseous pollutants were studied. The results indicated that the temperature of first combustion chamber can be maintained at 550–650 °C without external heating, while in the final stage a burner was used to realize the burnout of material. The temperature of the second combustion chamber was always lower than that of the first combustion after the burner stopped working. The concentration of CO emission in flue gas was high due to the low disposal efficiency of the mobile incinerator, while NOX and SO2 emission concentrations were far below the standard limit value (GB 18484-2001).