Manuscript Submission 

Submission of a manuscript implies: that the work described has not been published before; that it is not under consideration for publication anywhere else; that its publication has been approved by all co-authors, if any, as well as by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – at the institute where the work has been carried out. The publisher will not be held legally responsible should there be any claims for compensation. 

Permissions 

Authors wishing to include figures, tables, or text passages that have already been published elsewhere are required to obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and online format and to include evidence that such permission has been granted when submitting their papers. Any material received without such evidence will be assumed to originate from the authors.

Online Submission

Please follow the hyperlink “Submit online” on the right and upload all of your manuscript files following the instructions given on the screen. Please ensure you provide all relevant editable source files. Failing to submit these source files might cause unnecessary delays in the review and production process.

Title Page 

The title page should include: 

• ● The name(s) of the author(s) 
• ● A concise and informative title 
• ● The affiliation(s) and address(es) of the author(s)
• ● The e-mail address, and telephone number(s) of the corresponding author 
• ● If available, the 16-digit ORCID of the author(s) 

Abstract 

Please provide an abstract of 150 to 250 words. The abstract should not contain any undefined abbreviations or unspecified references. 

Keywords 

Please provide 4 to 6 keywords which can be used for indexing purposes.

Text Formatting 

Manuscripts should be submitted in Word. 

• ● Use a normal, plain font (e.g., 10-point Times Roman) for text. 
• ● Use italics for emphasis. 
• ● Use the automatic page numbering function to number the pages. 
• ● Do not use field functions.
• ● Use tab stops or other commands for indents, not the space bar. 
• ● Use the table function, not spreadsheets, to make tables. 
• ● Use the equation editor or MathType for equations. 
• ● Save your file in docx format (Word 2007 or higher) or doc format (older Word versions). 

Manuscripts with mathematical content can also be submitted in LaTeX. 

LaTeX macro package (zip, 183 kB) 

Headings 

Please use no more than three levels of displayed headings. 

Abbreviations 

Abbreviations should be defined at first mention and used consistently thereafter. 

Footnotes 

Footnotes can be used to give additional information, which may include the citation of a reference included in the reference list. They should not consist solely of a reference citation, and they should never include the bibliographic details of a reference. They should also not contain any figures or tables. 

Footnotes to the text are numbered consecutively; those to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data). Footnotes to the title or the authors of the article are not given reference symbols. 

Always use footnotes instead of endnotes. 

Acknowledgments 

Acknowledgments of people, grants, funds, etc. should be placed in a separate section on the title page. The names of funding organizations should be written in full.

Citation 

Reference citations in the text should be identified by numbers in square brackets. Some examples: 

1. Negotiation research spans many disciplines [3]. 

2. This result was later contradicted by Becker and Seligman [5]. 

3. This effect has been widely studied [1-3, 7]. 

Reference list 

The list of references should only include works that are cited in the text and that have been published or accepted for publication. Personal communications and unpublished works should only be mentioned in the text. Do not use footnotes or endnotes as a substitute for a reference list. 

The entries in the list should be numbered consecutively. 

• Journal article 

Smith JJ. The world of science. Am J Sci. 1999;36:234–5. 

• Article by DOI 

Slifka MK, Whitton JL. Clinical implications of dysregulated cytokine production. J Mol Med. 2000; https://doi.org/10.1007/s001090000086 

• Book 

Blenkinsopp A, Paxton P. Symptoms in the pharmacy: a guide to the management of common illness. 3rd ed. Oxford: Blackwell Science; 1998. 

• Book chapter 

Wyllie AH, Kerr JFR, Currie AR. Cell death: the significance of apoptosis. In: Bourne GH, Danielli JF, Jeon KW, editors. International review of cytology. London: Academic; 1980. pp. 251–306. 

• Online document 

Doe J. Title of subordinate document. In: The dictionary of substances and their effects. Royal Society of Chemistry. 1999. http://www.rsc.org/dose/title of subordinate document. Accessed 15 Jan 1999. 

Always use the standard abbreviation of a journal’s name according to the ISSN List of Title Word Abbreviations, see

ISSN.org LTWA

If you are unsure, please use the full journal title. For authors using EndNote, Springer provides an output style that supports the formatting of in-text citations and reference list.

EndNote style (zip, 3 kB)

Tables

• ● All tables are to be numbered using Arabic numerals. 
• ● Tables should always be cited in text in consecutive numerical order. 
• ● For each table, please supply a table caption (title) explaining the components of the table. 
• ● Identify any previously published material by giving the original source in the form of a reference at the end of the table caption. 
• ● Footnotes to tables should be indicated by superscript lower-case letters (or asterisks for significance values and other statistical data) and included beneath the table body.

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