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浙江大学学报(理学版)  2023, Vol. 50 Issue (2): 195-203    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2023.02.009
生命科学     
浙江省石松类和蕨类植物的物种多样性研究
张坤1,张宏伟2,张豪3,梅旭东4,马丹丹5,金水虎1()
1.浙江农林大学 林业与生物技术学院,浙江 杭州 311300
2.浙江清凉峰国家级自然保护区管理局,浙江 杭州 311323
3.浙江省乐清中学,浙江 温州 325699
4.浙江省景宁畲族自治县经济商务科技局,浙江 丽水 323599
5.浙江农林大学暨阳学院,浙江 绍兴 311800
Study on species diversity of lycophytes and ferns in Zhejiang province
Kun ZHANG1,Hongwei ZHANG2,Hao ZHANG3,Xudong MEI4,Dandan MA5,Shuihu JIN1()
1.College of Forestry and Biotechnology,Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University,Hangzhou 311300,China
2.Administration Zhejiang Qingliangfeng National Nature Reserve,Hangzhou 311323,China
3.Zhejiang Yueqing High School,Wenzhou 325699,Zhejiang Province,China
4.Science and Technology Bureau of Jingning She Autonomous County,Lishui 323599,Zhejiang Province,China
5.Jiyang College of Zhejiang Agricultural & Forestry University,Shaoxing 311800,Zhejiang Province,China
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摘要:

物种编目是了解生物多样性的基础。采用张宪春的石松类和蕨类植物科属分类系统,对浙江省石松类和蕨类植物的物种多样性进行了统计分析。结果表明,(1)浙江省石松类植物有3科、5属、27种,蕨类植物有32科、84属、410种(计入无模式种的种下等级,不计入有模式种的种下等级),种数较多的7个科为鳞毛蕨科Dryopteridaceae(95种)、水龙骨科Polypodiaceae(51种)、蹄盖蕨科Athyriaceae(51种)、凤尾蕨科Pteridaceae(49种)、金星蕨科Thelypteridaceae(43种)、铁角蕨科Aspleniaceae(27种)、碗蕨科Dennstaedtiaceae(17种),均为核心薄囊蕨类;种数较多的6个属为鳞毛蕨属Dryopteris(43种)、铁角蕨属Asplenium(24种)、双盖蕨属Diplazium(21种)、耳蕨属Polystichum(20种)、凤尾蕨属Pteris(18种)、复叶耳蕨属Arachniodes(16种)。(2)在属的分布区类型中,分布于热带和亚热带地区的有54属,占属总数的60.67%,分布于温带地区的有15属,占属总数的16.85%,其中主要以泛热带分布为主,有31属,占属总数的34.83%。(3)在种的分布区类型中,非中国特有354种,占种总数的81.01%,其中以东亚分布为主,热带亚洲分布次之;中国特有83种,占种总数(除世界分布)的19.39%,其中分布于华东-华中+华南-西南(至西北)的最多,有24种。(4)古植物资料和现代物种均体现了区系起源的古老性,原始石松类(包括石松科、水韭科、卷柏科3科、27种)可溯源至早泥盆世;在蕨类植物中,木贼科、瓶尔小草科、松叶蕨科、合囊蕨科4科(共10种)起源相对较早。(5)在浙江省石松类和蕨类植物中,5种被列入浙江省重点保护野生植物;3种被列入国家一级重点保护野生植物,分别为中华水韭Isoetes sinensis、东方水韭I.orientalis、保东水韭I. baodongii;11种被列入国家二级重点保护野生植物,包括伏贴石杉Huperzia selago var. appressa、四川石杉H.sutchueniana、金毛狗Cibotium barometz等。

关键词: 石松类和蕨类植物物种多样性浙江省    
Abstract:

Species inventory is the basis for understanding biodiversity. The classification system of lycophytes and ferns developed by ZHANG Xianchun was adopted to analyze the species diversity of lycophytes and ferns in Zhejiang province. The results showed that (1) there were 27 species of lycophytes in 3 families, 5 genera, and 410 species of ferns in 32 families, 84 genera (including subspecies of non-type species). The top 7 families with more than 15 species were Dryopteridaceae (95 species), Polypodiaceae (51 species), Athyriaceae (51 species), Pteridaceae (49 species), Thelypteridaceae (43 species), Aspleniaceae (27 species) and Dennstaedtiaceae (17 species). The top 6 genera with more than 15 species were Dryopteris (43 species), Asplenium (24 species), Diplazium (21 species), Polystichum (20 species), Pteris (18 species) and Arachniodes (16 species). (2) at genus level, 54 genera of plants distributed in tropic and subtropic regions, 15 genera of plants distributed in temperate zones, and 31 genera of plants distributed in pantropic type, accounting for respectively 60.67%, 16.85%, and 34.83% of the total genera, were recorded. (3) as to the areal types of species, 354 species were not endemic to China, accounting for 81.01% of the total species, and these species were mainly distributed in East Asia and tropical Asia. 83 species were endemic to China, accounting for 18.99% of the total species (except those with world-wide distribution). Among them, East China-Central China and South China-Southwest China (to Northwest China) were two dominant areal types, with 24 species. (4) The ancient plant data and modern species all reflected the ancient origin of the flora. The prolycopod (including 27 species in Lycopodiaceae, Isoetaceae and Selaginellaceae) can be traced back to the devonian period; the ferns in Equisetaceae, Ophioglossaceae, Psilotaceae, Marattiaceae (10 species in total) originated relatively early in comparison to ferns in other families. (5) among lycophytes and ferns in Zhejiang province, 5 species were listed as key-protected wild plants in Zhejiang province; 3 species Isoetes sinensis, Isoetes orientalis, and Isoetes baodongii were in the list of Ⅰ-class national protection of wild plants; 11 species of wild plants were in the list of Ⅱ-class national protection of wild plants, including Huperzia selago var. appressa, Huperzia sutchueniana, Cibotium barometz, etc.

Key words: lycophytes and ferns    species diversity    Zhejiang province
收稿日期: 2022-03-10 出版日期: 2023-03-21
CLC:  Q 949.4  
基金资助: 科技基础性工作专项(2015FY110200);浙江省植物资源调查、归档、编撰项目(335010-2015-0005)
通讯作者: 金水虎     E-mail: jsh501@163.com
作者简介: 张坤(1997—),ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9783-2329,男,硕士研究生,主要从事植物分类和资源研究.
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引用本文:

张坤, 张宏伟, 张豪, 梅旭东, 马丹丹, 金水虎. 浙江省石松类和蕨类植物的物种多样性研究[J]. 浙江大学学报(理学版), 2023, 50(2): 195-203.

Kun ZHANG, Hongwei ZHANG, Hao ZHANG, Xudong MEI, Dandan MA, Shuihu JIN. Study on species diversity of lycophytes and ferns in Zhejiang province. Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition), 2023, 50(2): 195-203.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2023.02.009        https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/Y2023/V50/I2/195

图1  浙江省石松类和蕨类植物科统计
种数属数占属总数的百分比/%种数占种总数的百分比/%
合计89100437100
12730.34276.18
2~54247.1913029.75
6~151415.7313831.58
>1566.7414232.49
表1  浙江省石松类和蕨类植物属的组成统计
编号分布区类型属数占属总数的百分比/%
合计89100
1世界分布2022.47
2泛热带分布3134.83
3

热带亚洲和热带美洲

间断分布

11.12
4旧世界热带分布44.50
5热带亚洲至热带大洋洲间断分布22.25
6

热带亚洲至热带非洲

间断分布

11.12
7热带亚洲分布1516.86
8北温带分布66.74
9东亚和北美间断分布--
10旧世界温带分布11.12
11温带亚洲分布--
12东亚分布88.99
12-1东亚广布 (H-S-J)(5)(5.62)
12-2中国—喜马拉雅分布(1)(1.12)
12-3中国—日本分布(2)(2.25)
13中国特有分布--
表2  浙江省石松类和蕨类植物属的分布区类型
编号分布区类型种数占种总数的百分比/%
合计437100
1世界分布92.06
2泛热带分布51.14
2-1热带亚洲、大洋洲和南美洲(墨西哥)间断30.68
2-2热带亚洲—热带非洲—热带美洲分布20.46
4旧世界热带分布20.46
4-1热带亚洲、非洲和大洋洲间断分布30.68
5热带亚洲至热带大洋洲分布102.29
6热带亚洲至热带非洲分布40.92
6-2热带亚洲和东非或马达加斯加间断分布10.23
7热带亚洲分布10524.03
7-1爪哇,喜马拉雅间断或星散分布至华南、西南分布10.23
7-2热带印度至华南(尤其云南南部)分布30.68
7-3缅甸、泰国至华西南分布20.46
7-4越南(或中南半岛)至华南或西南分布102.29
8北温带分布51.14
8-4北温带和南温带间断分布20.46
9东亚和北美间断分布10.23
10旧世界温带分布10.23
10-3欧亚和南部非洲(有时也在大洋洲)间断20.46
11温带亚洲分布204.58
14东亚分布5011.44
14SH中国—喜马拉雅分布81.83
14SJ中国—日本分布10524.03
15中国特有8318.99
表3  浙江省石松类和蕨类植物种的分布区类型
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