Aiming at the problem that knowledge for supporting innovative design was classified representation and management, and lack of unified knowledge representation and management model, a kind of unified knowledge representation and management method based on 3M (multi-attribute multi-dimensional multi-hierarchy) features was put forward. According to the knowledge demand for innovative design, knowledge attributes were divided into innovation attributes and basic attributes. The innovation attributes were the abstraction of knowledge and realized multi attribute correlation between knowledge, including the function, input and output flow, TRIZ principle, field attributes of knowledge. The basic attributes were the specific description of the physical attributes of the multidisciplinary knowledge, including the background, function, principle, and structural attributes. With the establishment of knowledge representation template based on the unified framework of knowledge innovation attributes and basic attributes, the comprehensive representation and cross transferring of different types of knowledge could be realized, and the corresponding knowledge base prototype system was constructed. The application process of the knowledge repository was demonstrated by the example of the improved design of the nuclear reactor under stack structure, which indicated that this knowledge model could represent and manage design knowledge uniformly, and could assist designers with knowledge search and application in innovative design effectively.

The oil tank inspection wall climbing robot is required to traverse all the barrier free areas on the outer wall of the tank efficiently in complete coverage path planning. Combining with adjacency matrix and path selection function, a grid decomposition algorithm was proposed for path planning of wall climbing robot. Firstly, the working environment of the wall climbing robot was simplified into two-dimensional planes, and the traversed basic path of robot was determined by analyzing the missed area. Secondly, the grid environment was established and each grid was given a x_i value to represent its state. Thirdly, the work environment was divided into several sub-regions by rectangle decomposition method. The connection order of each sub-region was determined by the depth-first search algorithm and the adjacency matrix. Finally, in order to determine whether or not the robot was stuck into the dead zone during the traversal and handover of the sub-region, a path selection function f_i was proposed by combining with the x_i value which could guide the robot to escape from the dead zone quickly. The proposed method was simulated in the virtual environment. The simulation results showed that this method could not only guide the wall climbing robot to achieve complete coverage of the working area with a high coverage rate and a low repetition rate, but also quickly escape from the dead zone. The realization of complete coverage path planning can extend the application of wall climbing robot in detecting tank walls.

In the course of oil drilling, high-quality drill bits play a vital role in reducing cost and improving drilling efficiency. A new hybrid single cone bit was designed by connecting the teeth palm with conical tooth and the cone with PDC teeth. The hybrid single cone bit was added with the PDC teeth based on general single cone bit, which broke rock by shocking and shearing. The big end of hybrid single cone passed through the center of bottom hole, and all teeth rings contacted with wall of hole which could achieve gauge protection during rock breaking. A finite element model of interaction between hybrid single cone bit and rock was established, and the bottom hole model, the main cutting force and rock breaking volume were simulated and analyzed. Bench test was carried out to verify the drilling pressure and the drilling depth which were obtained by the numerical simulation. Research results showed that the drilling pressure and the drilling depth obtained by numerical simulation conformed to bench test results, and the regulation of rock breaking load was consistent with the design characteristics of the cone bit structure. Comparing with the spherical single cone bit, the side force of hybrid single cone bit was reduced by 39.6%, and the rock breaking efficiency increased by 33%. The stability was higher when drilling using the hybrid single cone bit, and it could reduce the probability of well deviation as well. According to the results, the numerical simulation is effective to study the rock breaking law of the hybrid single cone bit, which provides a basis for further design and performance evaluation of the drill bit.

Aiming at the problems that angle size tolerance cannot control the angle deviation between two planes and the angle deviation may be out of control when using geometrical tolerance, the tangent feature symbol for toleranced feature was introduced. When the geometric tolerance was used to control the angle deviation between the toleranced surface and the datum, the tangent feature symbol would be added to the toleranced feature. The conversion method between geometric tolerance and angle tolerance was given. Aiming at the problem of the accumulation calculation of angle deviation between two planes in assembly layer, the illustration of angle dimension chain and the accumulation calculation method of angle dimension chain deviation were studied for the parts which had been assembled. Finally, taking the electric wood cutting machine as an example, the angle accumulation deviation of the relative features of each part was controlled by geometric tolerance to meet the design requirement. The conversion of geometric tolerances to angular tolerance of each feature was realized. The angle accumulation deviation calculation using angle dimension chain was analyzed. The example can be used as a reference for geometric tolerance analysis control between planes and pattern annotation.

In order to solve the engineering problems of on-line monitoring and state recognition for the wear degree of picks during mining process, a method to recognize the wear degree of picks based on multi feature signal fusion was proposed. An experimental platform for recognizing the wear degree of picks was set up, and the vibration acceleration signal, acoustic emission signal, infrared thermal signal and motor current signal in cutting process were extracted and tested respectively. A sample library of multi-sensor data for picks cutting was established. Aiming at the problems of existing data intersection between two adjacent samples of wear states, which reduced the system recognition accuracy, the minimum fuzzyness optimization model was established to calculate the optimal fuzzy membership function of each characteristic signal and the maximum membership degree of feature samples were obtained. A neural network identification model for different wear degree of picks was constructed. The Back-Propagation (BP) neural network was studied and trained by using multi feature data samples. The experimental results showed that the BP network discriminant results of the recognition model were consistent with the actual type, and this recognition model could accurately monitor and recognize the type of wear degree of picks. The research results provide a solution for monitoring and replacing picks in practical engineering.

The structural design of the trackless telescopic gantry crane which depends on the traditional empirical methods tends to be conservative and material waste is serious. In order to take full advantage of the bearing capacity of its material, it is necessary to do the structure optimization analysis. During the optimization design of the trackless telescopic gantry crane, in view of the existing problems such as the non convergence and the low computation efficiency of the nonlinear contact model, a new optimization method which was used the node coupling model to replace the contact model was proposed to construct the response surface approximation model, and the model structural parameters were optimized by combining the approximation model and the multi-island genetic algorithm. Taking the component cross-section size of the trackless telescopic gantry crane as the initial design variables, the structural strength, stiffness, weight as the model response, the design method of optimal latin hypercube in the Isight platform was invoked to generate the design variable sample points, and then the finite element analysis software ANSYS was invoked by the DOE module to complete the sample point model simulation to screen out the design variables which had a high effect on the structural response. On this basis, the optimal design variables were used to construct the response surface approximation model, with the structural strength and structural stiffness as the constraints, the lightest structure weight of gantry crane as the objective, and the multi-island genetic algorithm was used to optimize the response surface model. The results of optimization indicated that the structure weight of gantry crane could reduce 23.4% in the premise of ensuring the structure performance of gantry crane, and the lightweight effect was obvious. The proposed optimization strategy can quickly obtain the global optimal solution and greatly reduce the computational quantities, which provides the theoretical basis for improvement of the trackless telescopic gantry crane structure.

The roll-over protective structure (ROPS) is a set of passive protective device installed on the cab of the engineering vehicle, which can provide effective protection for the driver in the roll-over accident. To solve contradictions between carrying capacity, rigidity, light weight and lateral endergonic effects of ROPS, topological optimization technology based on variable-density method has been introduced to ROPS design of heavy mining dumper, which can solve the problem of ROPS about optimal distribution of materials in a given design area and improve its lateral endergonic effect and vertical and parallel rigidity and reduce self weight. Firstly, the OptiStruct structure optimization module was used to make topology optimization design of ROPS. The optimization objective was to minimize the strain energy in multiple working conditions. Loads and constraints were applied according to the international standards. According to the topology optimization results, the detailed design was carried out. Afterwards, the dynamic analysis software LS-DYNA was used to make dynamic loading analysis for ROPS final design model. Finally, performance contrastive analysis between optimized ROPS and original ROPS was made. Results showed that the topology optimized ROPS did not invade DLV (deflection-limiting volume) under the three working conditions and met the international standards of carrying capacity requirements. The maximum energy absorption in lateral loading reached 175 kJ, which met the requirements of the international standards for the absorption of lateral energy. Compared with the original ROPS, the topology optimized ROPS reduced the load required for the lateral energy absorption from 1 324.5 kN to 1 231 kN. The vertical displacement of the loading center was reduced by 21.3% and the longitudinal displacement was reduced by 34.4%. Its quality was decreased by 24.1%. The research results provide a new method for the design of ROPS of heavy mining dumper, and the researching achievement has certain significance for the follow-up design and improvement of ROPS.

Deep hole straightness error has a strong impact on the performance of high pressure common rail injector. In order to research the influence of different processing parameters on the deep hole straightness, a single factor experiment of the hole in the injector body was carried out by gun-drill, and the straightness was measured by the line structured optical vision measurement technology and the least square method, then the influence of cutting speed, feeding speed and cutting fluid pressure on the straightness of the injector body was analyzed. The results showed that the straightness decreased first and then increased with the increase of cutting speed, when the cutting speed was 6 200 r/min, the straightness was minimum. When the feed speed was small, the straightness was small, as a whole, the straightness fluctuated upward with the increase of feeding speed. When the cutting fluid pressure was small, the straightness was large, and the straightness decreased with the increase of cutting fluid pressure. After the cutting fluid pressure value reached 8 MPa, the straightness increased with the increase of cutting fluid pressure. Based on three factors and three levels of the orthogonal test, the range analysis and variance analysis were done to the test results, and the best processing parameter combination composed of the cutting speed of 6 200 r/min, feeding speed of 50 mm/min and oil pressure of 8 MPa was obtained, then the best parameter combination was verified by experiment. The research results have important reference value for reducing the straightness of the deep hole machining, improving the quality of the injector body and the stability of the injection performance of the system.

The inflatable floating process of UUV (unmanned undersea vehicle) with inflatable floating bag was studied, aiming to analyze the influence of the inflation progress on the movement of UUV. Firstly, force analysis of the UUV in the floating movement was carried out and a movement model of the UUV after the engine shut down was established. Then, taking the delay inflation time and inflation progress time as the key design factors, and the maximum depth of the UUV and the maximum resistance force of the floating bag as the design targets, the DOE(design of experiment) analysis of the movement process of the UUV was carried out. The relationship between the maximum depth of UUV and maximum resistance force of inflatable floating bag and the delay inflation time and inflation progress time was obtained by the analysis. In addition, the interaction effect curve, main effect curve and the correlation diagram and Pareto figure of design factors were obtained. Through the model analysis, it is clear that the delayed inflation time of the inflatable floating bag is the main factor affecting the floating movement of UUV, which provides a reference for the theoretical research and engineering design of the floating device with floating bag of UUV.

Aiming at the problems that the parts of the equipment system had different critical importance, taking the cold storage system of multi-components with use and repair priority as the research object, a more generalized system reliability model was established by using the more applicability phase-type (PH) distribution instead of the exponential distribution and Weibull distribution in the reliability modeling to describe the service life and repair time of system components. By using matrix analysis method, the analytical expressions of the reliability function, steady state availability and mean up-time and mean down-time of the system were obtained. The example was used to verify the applicability of the model, and the influence of the number of spare parts on the system reliability index was discussed. The results showed that the reliability modeling of the cold storage system with use and repair priority using the PH distribution not only had good analytical properties, but also could effectively ensure the applicability of the model, which had good application value in engineering practice.

The transport of samples in functional units of a microfluidic chip depends on the flow of the liquid in the microchannel. Scale effect aggravates the surface effect, which makes the flow in the microchannel possible to spread continuously without external power. In order to research flow mechanism and kinetic characteristics in microchannel intensively, influence factors of continuous directional transport in microchannel were analyzed based on the Derjaguin approximation, surface energy and Casimir effect, influences of surface roughness on flow characteristics and continuous directional transport efficiency in the microchannel were analyzed by both computational and experimental methods, and constitutive equations and flow control equations for fluids were defined. All above results were verified effective and credible. The results indicated that roughness of the inner wall was a very important factor affecting flow characteristics and continuous directional liquid transport efficiency in the microchannel. The variation of equivalent tooth number, tooth height or dip angle of tooth brought prominent change of main vortex and concomitant vortex in clearance flow near inner wall, which would cause the continuous directional transport efficiency of microfluidic change. The thesis provides some insights and references for the design operational management of microfluidic lubrication, friction reduction, anti-sticking, as well as miniaturization and integration in micro electro mechanical systems.

Engine exhaust manifold works in the harsh environment with the coupling effect of dynamic thermal load and vibration load. It is found that plastic deformation has occurred in some areas with the thermal load alone, and the fatigue failure problem will be more serious coupling with the vibration load. A three-cylinder supercharged engine was taken as the research object to quantify the effect of vibration load on low-cycle fatigue damage of exhaust manifold. Firstly, the heat transfer boundary of the exhaust manifold internal and external flow fields under idle and rated conditions were calculated through the fluid-solid coupling method. The temperature field of the whole exhaust system under two conditions were respectively calculated by combining the temperature and the thermal exchange boundary of the turbocharger, catalyst and other components with that of the exhaust manifold above. Secondly, the elastic and elasto-plastic stress fields under the rated condition, and the elastic stress field under idle condition were calculated coupling with the temperature field and the bolt pretightening force. Based on the results of the elasto-plastic stress field under the rated condition, the dynamic stress field under the engine vibration load was calculated through the modal transient dynamics. Finally, according to the results of elastic stress field under rated and idle conditions as well as dynamic stress field under rated condition, the analysis models of the exhaust manifold about low-cycle thermal fatigue and vibration-thermal coupling fatigue were established with reference to the engine low cycle fatigue test standard and the load spectra from the two fatigue models corrected by the Neuber's rule was used to evaluate the fatigue life with the principal strain method. The result indicated that the risk region was mainly located in the high temperature and tensile stress regions. Compared with low-cycle thermal fatigue, the entire life with vibration load decreased by 25.2% and in some regions that came up to 57%. The study result provides theoretical basis and reference for the prediction of transient vibration-thermal coupling low-cycle fatigue life of exhaust manifold.

Biomechanical study of human upper limb is one of the most referenced aspects for the optimization of upper limb posture and the design of related products. Firstly, a real-time optical motion capture system was used to capture the real-time position of key points of the human body in the course of executing the specified action. The focus of the work was to calculate and deeply analyze the experimental data of the human upper limb by MATLAB software. Then, the human upper limb was simplified as a club model, and the variation value of each joint angle of the human upper limb during the motion process was calculated by the cosine theorem. The dynamic joint torque was computed by the inverse dynamics and the change of main muscle force was calculated by the optimization analysis. Lastly, the human upper limb motion comfort was evaluated by calculating the real-time load rate of human upper limb muscles, and the motion comfort index evaluation model of human upper limb was established. The experiment result proved that the human upper limb muscles were in the comfort state when the body executed the specified action at a sitting posture. The results provide a theoretical basis for the depth analysis of human upper limb motion.

High-speed roll grinder, which is based on high precision and stabilization electrical control system, is an indispensable equipment in steel production fields to achieve accurate control of the grinding process. Aiming at a kind of high-speed roll grinder whose grinding speed was more than 80 m/s, with the FX_3UPLC as controller, the PLC (programmable logic controller) analog control unit was formed by using the supporting standard A/D and D/A special function module of PLC, and the spindle drive control system of high-speed precision roll grinding head was designed based on FX_3UPLC and frequency converter. The requirement of high-speed precision roll grinding head on its electrical control system was described, and the variable frequency speed-adjusting control system was introduced with the constitution, controlling scheme and signal-disposal methods. The hardware circuit, motor speed control trapezoid chart and analog control system communication program were designed. In addition, by using Kingview software, the PC monitor screen was developed, and the motor speed was set up by the input box of PC software, and the analog encoder was taken as the feedback sensor of output speed of the spindle motor. At the same time, the PID speed closed-loop control system was added to make spindle motor operate smoothly by the given speed. The PLC was adopted to carry on the on-site collection to the analog signal through the mathematical model calculation and signal feedback of the operating environment. Finally, the entire control system realized the on-line adjustment of the spindle motor output speed and the real-time detection of the process variables and ran steadily, which had good anti-interference performance and ensured the continuous and reliable, safe and efficient operation of the high-speed precision roll grinding head.

With the increasing quality of life and the quickening pace, people's demands for fresh, healthy and convenient food have increased significantly. In order to meet these requirements, a new type of sandwich automatic production and sale system was presented, which realized automatic production and sale of sandwich and other fast food firstly in China. The system combined variety of key technologies, such as PLC (programmable logic controller) control, motor coordination, WI-FI communication, MDB(multi-drop bus), mobile phone APP (application program). With the functions of self-service order by touch screen, automatic coin change, mobile payment, temperature and humidity control, drive gear fault diagnosis, PC and mobile phone APP remote monitoring, the system could complete automatic production and sales of sandwich quickly and reliably. This product can be used in many places such as schools, hospitals, shopping malls and communities. The potential consumers are huge and it has a potential to produce significant economic and social benefits.

In order to improve accuracy and operational efficiency of petrochemical product weighing in the process of ration loading and unloading, optimize human resources and avoid all kinds of disadvantages of hand gauge, the design and implementation method of the bidirectional weighbridge unattended weighing system is proposed. The system was mainly comprised of weighbridges, infrared gratings, IC cards, cameras, barrier gates and so on. Based on the characteristics of the bidirectional weighbridge unattended system, the automatic control process was described in detail. The Micro850 controller was used to collect I/O field data, IC cards' numbers and the weighing data. The method of twice filtration was adopted to deal with the problem of data instability and large measurement errors in weighing process. Meanwhile, the weighbridge unattended system management interface was developed to strengthen supervision on site operation. The verification result indicated that the filtering algorithm could control weighing errors within 3‰, which met the requirements of industrial metrology. The system was put into practice. As an indispensable subunit, the weighbridge unattended system can realize the design goal of decentralized weight and centralized management in the process of building the storage and transportation system's automation, informatization and management control integration, which is of great application value.