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工程设计学报
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design  2026, Vol. 33 Issue (3): 326-333    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2026.05.165
Theory and Method of Mechanical Design     
Compensation control method for perpendicularity of engine cylinder block thrust surfaces based on anti-deformation
Yuqi ZHOU1(),Fei XUE2,Yukun XIAO1,Guangyan GE1,Zhengchun DU1()
1.School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2.Saic Volkswagen Automotive Co. , Ltd. , Shanghai 201800, China
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Abstract  

The engine cylinder block requires extremely high stability and precision in machining and assembly. The perpendicularity of the engine cylinder block thrust surfaces is an important index to evaluate the machining and assembly quality of the cylinder block. However, in the actual process of machining and assembly, due to the influence of various factors, the out-of-tolerance problem often occurs in the perpendicularity of cylinder block thrust surfaces. Therefore, an anti-deformation compensation control method to solve the problem of out-of-tolerance perpendicularity of engine cylinder block thrust surfaces is proposed. Firstly, a finite element model of the cylinder block and bearing cover after fastening was established, and the bolt tightening torque was identified as the main factor causing the deformation and out-of-tolerance perpendicularity of the thrust surface. Then, based on the three-coordinate measurement data of the thrust surface, the accuracy of the finite element model was verified, and an anti-deformation compensation machining method for the cylinder block thrust surface was proposed according to the bolt tightening torque-thrust surface deformation law. Finally, the feasibility of the compensation machining method was verified through the coordinate measurement data of the thrust surface in the actual machining and assembly experiment. In actual batch processing, the eccentric pin could be used instead of the traditional positioning method of "one side and two pins" to achieve the anti-deformation compensation machining of thrust surfaces. The result showed that the perpendicularity error of the engine cylinder block thrust surface after compensation was reduced by more than 78% compared with that before compensation, which proved the effectiveness of the proposed method. The research results provide a feasible solution for the machining deformation problem in precision manufacturing.

Key words： engine cylinder block      thrust surface      perpendicularity error      anti-deformation compensation machining      bolt tightening torque     
Received: 28 July 2025      Published: 27 June 2026
CLC:  TH 161.2  
Corresponding Authors: Zhengchun DU     E-mail: zyq2020@sjtu.edu.cn;zcdu@sjtu.edu.cn
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Yuqi ZHOU
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Cite this article:

Yuqi ZHOU,Fei XUE,Yukun XIAO,Guangyan GE,Zhengchun DU. Compensation control method for perpendicularity of engine cylinder block thrust surfaces based on anti-deformation. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2026, 33(3): 326-333.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2026.05.165     OR     https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/Y2026/V33/I3/326


基于反变形的发动机缸体止推面垂直度补偿控制方法

发动机缸体对加工与装配的稳定性和精度要求极高。发动机缸体止推面的垂直度是评价缸体加工与装配质量的重要指标。然而，在实际的加工与装配过程中，因受多种因素影响，缸体止推面垂直度经常会产生超差问题。为此，提出了一种解决发动机缸体止推面垂直度超差问题的反变形补偿控制方法。首先，建立缸体与轴承盖紧固后的有限元模型，识别出螺栓紧固力矩是导致止推面变形及止推面垂直度超差的主要因素。然后，基于止推面的三坐标测量数据验证了有限元模型的准确性，并根据螺栓紧固力矩—止推面变形规律，提出了缸体止推面反变形补偿加工方法。最后，通过实际加工装配实验中的止推面坐标测量数据，验证了该补偿加工方法的可行性。在实际批量加工中，可采用偏心销代替传统的“一面两销”定位方法，以实现止推面反变形补偿加工。结果表明，补偿后发动机缸体止推面的垂直度误差比补偿前减小了78%以上，证明了所提出方法的有效性。研究结果为精密制造中的加工变形难题提供了可行的解决方案。


关键词： 发动机缸体,  止推面,  垂直度误差,  反变形补偿加工,  螺栓紧固力矩 
Fig.1 Engine cylinder block model
Fig.2 Simplified model of engine cylinder block-bearing cover assembly
参数数值
静摩擦系数0.17
紧固力矩/(N·m)90
紧固力系数0.15
紧固力/N60 000
Table 1 Boundary condition setting for finite element analysis of thrust surface deformation of cylinder block
Fig.3 Overall deformation of thrust surface in the X direction
Fig.4 Comparison of simulated values and measured values of X-direction deformation of thrust surface
Fig.5 Interference fit contact surface between cylinder block and bearing cover
Fig.6 Schematic diagram of thrust surface anti-deformation compensation strategies
Fig.7 Comparison of X-direction deformation of thrust surface based on different compensation strategies
补偿策略铣刀倾斜角度/(°)变形量/μm改善率/%补偿效果
止推面#1止推面#2止推面#1止推面#2止推面#1止推面#2
Z向反变形补偿0.005 730.006 880.788 91.068 489.485.9好
Y向反变形补偿0.001 260.001 431.738 02.006 055.648.0差
两向联合反变形补偿——1.740 02.012 055.447.7差
Z向平行反变形补偿0.006 000.006 001.530 01.620 070.669.3好
Table 2 Finite element analysis results of anti-deformation compensation of thrust surfaces
Fig.8 Schematic diagram of eccentric pin installation
Fig.9 Comparison of actual deformation of thrust surface before and after compensation machining
 
 
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