Through-fault modeling and vibration characteristic analysis of rolling bearing based on piecewise displacement excitation function

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2025.04.123

Chinese Journal of Engineering Design

2025, Vol. 32

Issue (1): 112-120 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2025.04.123

Reliability and Quality Design

Through-fault modeling and vibration characteristic analysis of rolling bearing based on piecewise displacement excitation function

Ya LUO¹(

),Keke GE²,Xiaowen YUAN²,Wenbing TU²(

)

^1.State Key Laboratory of Performance Monitoring and Protecting of Rail Transit Infrastructure, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China
^2.School of Mechatronic and Vehicle Engineering, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, China

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Abstract

In the traditional rolling bearing fault modeling, half-sine function is used to describe the displacement excitation, and the stiffness weakening effect at the fault edge is ignored, which leads to the deviation between the model and the reality. Taking NU306 bearing with local faults as the research object, a new piecewise displacement excitation function was proposed considering the elastic deformation of raceway before and after a fault. The coefficients of the function were determined by finite element analysis method and incorporated into the dynamic model of rolling bearing. The vibration characteristics of bearing under different fault widths using piecewise displacement excitation function and traditional half-sine displacement excitation function were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the piecewise displacement excitation function was more in line with the actual situation, and the obtained vibration signals were more consistent with the experimental results. Additionally, the bearing vibration response curve based on the piecewise displacement excitation function was smoother than that based on the traditional displacement excitation function. The research results provide a certain reference for in-depth study of vibration characteristics of rolling bearings with local faults.

Key words： rolling bearing displacement excitation vibration characteristics

Received: 15 March 2024 Published: 04 March 2025

CLC:

TH 133.3

Corresponding Authors: Wenbing TU E-mail: 252026716@qq.com;twb-2001@163.com

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Cite this article:

Ya LUO,Keke GE,Xiaowen YUAN,Wenbing TU. Through-fault modeling and vibration characteristic analysis of rolling bearing based on piecewise displacement excitation function. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2025, 32(1): 112-120.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2025.04.123 OR https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/Y2025/V32/I1/112

基于分段位移激励函数的贯穿式故障建模及滚动轴承振动特性分析

在传统的滚动轴承故障建模中，大多采用半正弦函数来描述位移激励，忽略了故障边缘的刚度弱化效应，导致模型与实际存在偏差。以NU306局部故障轴承为研究对象，考虑故障前后滚道的弹性变形，提出了一种新的分段位移激励函数。采用有限元分析方法确定了函数的系数，并将系数代入滚动轴承动力学模型中，对比分析了不同故障宽度下采用分段位移激励函数与传统半正弦位移激励函数时轴承的振动特性。结果表明：分段位移激励函数更加符合实际情况，所得到的振动信号与实验结果更吻合；基于分段位移激励函数的轴承振动响应曲线比基于传统位移激励函数的平缓。研究结果为深入研究局部故障滚动轴承的振动特性提供了一定的参考。

关键词： 滚动轴承, 位移激励, 振动特性

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of traditional additional displacement generated by rolling element through fault

Fig.2 Equivalent model for contact between roller and raceway of cylindrical roller bearing

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of actual additional displacement generated by rolling element through fault

Table 1 Geometric parameters of NU306 cylindrical roller bearing

Fig.4 Finite element model of rolling bearing outer ring fault

Table 2 Material parameters of rolling bearing

Fig.5 Additional displacement curves of rolling element through fault

Table 3 Fit degrees of additional displacement curves

系数	数值
系数	L=0.5 mm	L=1 mm	L=2 mm
A₁	$6.703 × 10 - ? 6$	$1.745 × 10 - ? 6$	$9.553 × 10 - ? 8$
A₂	0.205	0.071	$3.890 × 10 - ? 2$
A₃	$- ? 2.172 × 10 - ? 5$	$- ? 2.450 × 10 - ? 5$	$- ? 2.501 × 10 - ? 6$
A₄	$3.684 × 10 - ? 6$	$8.800 × 10 - ? 6$	$1.023 × 10 - ? 5$
A₅	$1.117 × 10 - ? 6$	$7.100 × 10 - ? 6$	$1.178 × 10 - ? 5$
A₆	$3.231 × 10 - ? 6$	$1.745 × 10 - ? 6$	$1.020 × 10 - ? 7$
A₇	-0.117	0.007	0.089
A₈	$- ? 3.276 × 10 - ? 5$	$- ? 2.450 × 10 - ? 5$	$- ? 2.630 × 10 - ? 6$

Table 4 Coefficients of piecewise displacement excitation function

Table 5 Comparison of simulated and calculated values of coefficients A₄ and A₅

Fig.6 Simplified model of cylindrical roller bearing

Fig.7 Vibration characteristics of rolling bearing under different displacement excitations

Table 6 Time-domain metrics of vibration signals with different fault widths

Fig.8 Comparison between simulated value and theoretical value of cage speed

Fig.9 Rolling bearing vibration test bench

Fig.10 Spectrum diagram of bearing vibration signal obtained by test

Fig.11 Spectrum diagram of bearing vibration signal obtained by dynamic simulation

Table 7 Comparison of theoretical, simulated and experimental values of fault characteristic frequency of bearing outer ring


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