Evaluation and analysis of implosion weak roof performance of storage tank based on multiple discriminant conditions

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2023.00.025

Chin J Eng Design

2023, Vol. 30

Issue (2): 144-153 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2023.00.025

Basic Theory and Method of Design

Evaluation and analysis of implosion weak roof performance of storage tank based on multiple discriminant conditions

Yuqi DING(

),Chaoliang YANG,Ye LU(

),Ming YANG,Jiahe ZHANG,Kai LIU,Hong LU

College of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China

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Abstract

Storage tanks are prone to structural failure under occasional explosive loads, resulting in the outflow of liquid inside the tank and causing huge economic losses. However, storage tanks designed with weak roofs can reduce losses in such accidents. Therefore, taking the vertical vault storage tank as the research object, taking into account factors such as internal pressure, stress and crack propagation during the tank failure process, a method for evaluating the implosion weak roof performance of storage tank based on multiple discriminant conditions was established. Meanwhile, by means of numerical simulation, a three-dimensional finite element model of storage tank implosion was established using the CEL (coupled Euler-Lagrange) fluid-structure coupling algorithm. The failure process of storage tank under implosion load and the weak roof performance of storage tank under different influencing factors were studied. The calculation results showed that in the evaluation of weak roof performance based on pressure and stress, the peak pressure ratios of the storage tank at positions of 90°, 135° and 180° were greater than 1, meeting the requirements of weak roof; in the evaluation of weak roof performance based on structural fracture, due to the extension of cracks below the liquid level, two cracks passed through the liquid level of 1.99 m and 5.21 m, respectively, and the storage tank did not have weak roof performance. As the volume and liquid level of the storage tank increased, the weak roof performance of storage tank increased. Based on the calculated results, the method of setting a protective ring above the liquid level was adopted to optimize the storage tank, so that the non-weak roof storage tank met the design requirements of the weak roof structure. The established evaluation conditions for the weak roof performance of storage tanks can provide reference for the design and analysis of the weak roof of storage tanks.

Key words： storage tank implosion structural failure crack weak roof

Received: 25 August 2022 Published: 06 May 2023

CLC:

TH 122

Corresponding Authors: Ye LU E-mail: jslx2004@163.com;luye_nepu@163.com

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Cite this article:

Yuqi DING,Chaoliang YANG,Ye LU,Ming YANG,Jiahe ZHANG,Kai LIU,Hong LU. Evaluation and analysis of implosion weak roof performance of storage tank based on multiple discriminant conditions. Chin J Eng Design, 2023, 30(2): 144-153.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2023.00.025 OR https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/Y2023/V30/I2/144

基于多判别条件的储罐内爆弱顶性能评价分析

储罐在偶发爆炸载荷作用下易发生结构破坏，致使罐内储液流出，从而造成巨大的经济损失，但采用弱顶设计的储罐在此类事故发生时能减少损失。为此，以立式拱顶储罐为研究对象，综合考虑储罐破坏过程中内部压力、应力以及裂纹扩展等因素，建立了基于多判别条件的储罐内爆弱顶性能评价方法。同时，通过数值模拟手段，采用CEL（coupled Euler-Lagrange, 耦合欧拉-拉格朗日）流固耦合算法建立了储罐内爆三维有限元模型，对内爆载荷作用下储罐的破坏过程及不同影响因素下储罐的弱顶性能开展研究。计算结果表明：在基于压力和应力的弱顶性能评价中，储罐在90°，135°，180°位置处的峰值压力比大于1，满足弱顶要求；在基于结构断裂的弱顶性能评价中，由于裂纹延伸到液位以下，2条裂纹分别穿过液位1.99 m和5.21 m，储罐不具备弱顶性能。随着储罐容积的增加、液位的升高，储罐的弱顶性能增强。根据计算所得结果，采取在液位以上设置防护圈的方法对储罐进行优化，使得非弱顶储罐满足弱顶结构设计要求。所建立的储罐弱顶性能评价条件可为储罐的弱顶设计及分析提供参考。

关键词： 储罐, 内爆, 结构破坏, 裂纹, 弱顶

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of structural failure of storage tank under implosion load

Fig.2 Structure diagram of vertical vault storage tank

Fig.3 Three-dimensional finite element model of storage tank implosion

Fig.4 Cloud chart of pressure distribution of storage tank at different times

Table 1 Ratio of peak pressure and its occurrence time at each observation point of storage tank

Fig.5 Cloud chart of stress distribution of storage tank at different times

Table 2 Peak pressure occurrence time and corresponding stress at each observation point of storage tank

Fig.6 Crack propagation of storage tank at different times

Table 3 Crack lengths at different times

Table 4 Evaluation results of weak roof performance of storage tank under different influencing factors

Fig.7 Changing curves of weak roof performance of storage tank with volume and liquid level-height

Fig.8 Schematic diagram of optimization process of non-weak roof storage tank

Table 5 Dimensions of protective rings for storage tanks with different volumes

Table 6 Comparison of weak roof performance evaluation results of storage tank before and after optimization


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