Innovative Design |
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Design and performance evaluation of compliant actuator based on given nonlinear stiffness |
SONG Zhi-bin, HU Xiu-qi |
Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China |
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Abstract Both safe human-robot interaction and environment-adapted bionic motion need compliance in robot joints. In order to solve the problems of the existing passive compliant actuators, such as weak adaptability to different external loads, the need for additional stiffness adjustment motor, and the mismatch between stiffness and load, a new nonlinear stiffness compliant actuator was designed, which adopted "cam+torsion spring" mechanism combined with gear transmission and could achieve the given bidirectional nonlinear stiffness. Firstly, the working principle of the nonlinear stiffness mechanism, the calculation method of the effective contour curve of the cam and the working principle of the nonlinear stiffness compliant actuator were introduced.Then, based on the proposed bidirectional nonlinear stiffness mechanism, an actuator prototype was designed. At last, the performances of the proposed compliant actuator were evaluated. Through simulation and experimental analysis of the stiffness characteristics of the prototype, it was verified that the designed compliant actuator could adjust the stiffness well according to the given nonlinear stiffness characteristic curve. Through comparing with the similar actuators, it was shown that the proposed actuator had good comprehensive characteristics. Through the experiments of tracking sinusoidal torque signals with different peak torques and frequencies, it was preliminarily proved that the designed compliant actuator had good torque control performance. The research results show the effectiveness of the proposed design method, which provide a new idea for the design of actuator of robot joints.
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Received: 09 September 2019
Published: 28 August 2020
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基于给定非线性刚度的柔顺驱动器设计及性能评估
安全的人机交互和适应环境的仿生运动都要求机器人关节具有柔顺性。为了解决现有被动型柔顺驱动器存在的对不同外负载适应性弱、需要额外的刚度调节电机以及刚度与负载不匹配等问题,设计了一种新型非线性刚度柔顺驱动器,采用“凸轮+扭簧”机构结合齿轮传动,可实现给定的双向非线性刚度。首先,介绍了非线性刚度机构的工作原理、凸轮有效轮廓曲线的计算方法以及非线性刚度柔顺驱动器的工作原理;其次,基于提出的双向非线性刚度机构设计了柔顺驱动器样机;最后,对所设计的柔顺驱动器进行了性能评估。通过对样机刚度特性的仿真和试验分析,验证了所设计的柔顺驱动器能够较好地按给定的非线性刚度特性曲线进行刚度调节;通过与相近的驱动器的对比,表明所设计的柔顺驱动器具有优良的综合特性;通过对具有不同力矩峰值和频率的正弦力矩信号的跟踪试验,初步验证了所设计的柔顺驱动器具有良好的力矩控制性能。研究结果表明所提出的设计方法有效,可为机器人关节驱动器的设计提供新思路。
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