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工程设计学报
工程设计学报  2020, Vol. 27 Issue (6): 707-712    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2020.00.093
保质设计     
多约束条件下采煤机摇臂横向振动分析及试验验证
白杨溪1, 陈洪月1,2, 陈洪岩1, 王鑫2
1.辽宁工程技术大学 机械工程学院， 辽宁 阜新 123000
2.辽宁工程技术大学 矿产资源开发利用技术及装备研究院， 辽宁 阜新 123000
Analysis and test verification of transverse vibration of shearer rocker arm under multiple constraints
BAI Yang-xi1, CHEN Hong-yue1,2, CHEN Hong-yan1, WANG Xin2
1.School of Mechanical Engineering， Liaoning Technical University， Fuxin 123000， China
2.Research Institute of Technology and Equipment for the Exploitation and Utilization of Mineral Resources， Liaoning Technical University， Fuxin 123000， China
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摘要： 摇臂是采煤机的关键执行部件，起调节滚筒截割煤岩高度的作用，其在复杂工况环境下会产生强烈的振动。为了研究采煤机摇臂的横向振动特性，首先，对采煤机摇臂及其连接件进行理论建模，建模时将摇臂简化成梁模型、滚筒简化成集中质量块、小摇臂简化成刚性杆以及调高油缸简化成弹簧阻尼系统；然后，根据欧拉-伯努利梁理论构建采煤机摇臂横向振动微分方程，并基于等效替换原则构建其约束方程；接着，利用谐波函数法对采煤机摇臂的横向振动微分方程进行求解，得到其各阶模态的固有频率解析式；最后，利用采煤机模型进行摇臂模态试验，并与理论计算结果进行对比验证。结果表明：基于理论模型计算得到的摇臂前6阶模态的固有频率为1 129，7 036，7 118，17 756，19 800和30 100 Hz，通过试验测得的摇臂前6阶模态的固有频率为1 078，6 268，6 310，15 886，18 938和27 714 Hz；计算值相对于试验值的误差分别为4.73%，12.25%，12.81%，11.77%，4.55%和8.61%，均小于15%，在合理误差范围内。研究结果表明，所建立的采煤机摇臂横向振动模型具有一定准确性和实用性，可为采煤机摇臂的结构优化提供理论支撑。
Abstract: The rocker arm is the key executive component of the shearer, which plays the role of adjusting the height of the drum to cut the coal rocks. The rocker arm will produce strong vibration under complex working conditions. In order to investigate the transverse vibration characteristics of the shearer rocker arm, firstly, a theoretical model of the shearer rocker arm and its connecting parts was constructed. When modeling, the rocker arm, the drum, the small rocker arm and the height adjustment cylinder of the shearer were simplified to a beam model, a concentrated mass, a rigid rod and a spring damping system, respectively. Secondly, the transverse vibration differential equation of the shearer rocker arm was constructed according to the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, and the constraint equation was established based on the equivalent replacement principle. Thirdly, the harmonic function method was applied to solve the transverse differential vibration equation of the shearer rocker arm, and the analytic formula of the natural frequency of each mode was obtained. Finally, a shearer model was used to carry out the modal test for the rocker arm, which was compared with the theoretical calculation results for verification. The results showed that the natural frequencies of the first six order modes of the rocker arm calculated by the theoretical model were 1 129, 7 036, 7 118, 17 756, 19 800 and 30 100 Hz, and the natural frequencies of the first six order modes of the rocker arm measured through the test were 1 078, 6 268, 6 310, 15 886, 18 939 and 27 714 Hz. The errors of the calculated values relative to the test values were 4.73%, 12.25%, 12.81%, 11.77%, 4.55% and 8.61%, respectively. All errors were less than 15%, which were within a reasonable error range. The research results show that the established transverse vibration model of the shearer rocker arm has certain accuracy and practicability, which can provide theoretical support for the structural optimization of the shearer rocker arm.
收稿日期: 2020-04-30 出版日期: 2020-12-25
CLC:  TH 113.1  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金面上项目(51874157)；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目（52004119）；辽宁省教育厅项目(LJ2019QL018)
通讯作者: 陈洪月（1982—），男，辽宁海城人，教授，博士生导师，博士，从事智能矿山装备研究，E-mail:chyxiaobao@126.com     E-mail: chyxiaobao@126.com
作者简介: 白杨溪（1992—），女，辽宁庄河人，讲师，博士，从事机械系统动力学研究，E-mail:1105499564@qq.com，https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3140-6727；
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引用本文:

白杨溪, 陈洪月, 陈洪岩, 王鑫. 多约束条件下采煤机摇臂横向振动分析及试验验证[J]. 工程设计学报, 2020, 27(6): 707-712.

BAI Yang-xi, CHEN Hong-yue, CHEN Hong-yan, WANG Xin. Analysis and test verification of transverse vibration of shearer rocker arm under multiple constraints. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2020, 27(6): 707-712.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2020.00.093    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2020/V27/I6/707

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