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工程设计学报
工程设计学报  2020, Vol. 27 Issue (2): 247-255    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2020.00.023
建模、仿真、分析与决策     
涡轮增压器压气叶轮爆裂转速数值分析与试验研究
王文鼎1, 周东1,2, 陈世凡1,2, 刘扬1, 袁源1
1.重庆江增船舶重工有限公司， 重庆 402284;
2.船舶与海洋工程动力系统国家工程实验室——增压器实验室， 重庆 402284
Numerical analysis and experimental research on bursting rotational velocity of turbocharger compressor impeller
WANG Wen-ding1, ZHOU Dong1,2, CHEN Shi-fan1,2, LIU Yang1, YUAN Yuan1
1.Chongqing Jiangjin Shipbuilding Industry Co., Ltd., Chongqing 402284, China;
2.National Engineering Laboratory for Marine and Ocean Engineering Power Systems—Turbocharger Laboratory， Chongqing 402284, China
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摘要： 随着内燃机不断向高效率、大功率、智能化方向发展，其核心部件涡轮增压器逐渐向高压比、高转速、大流量方向迈进。由于涡轮增压器压气叶轮的转速非常高，压气叶轮爆裂尤其是产生非包容性碎片时会对内燃机运行安全造成严重危害，甚至造成人员伤亡，因此研究涡轮增压器的包容性尤为重要。基于有限元法，针对涡轮增压器包容性（压气叶轮的爆裂转速和弱化方式），分别运用线弹性材料模型及双线性等向强化弹塑性材料模型模拟了涡轮增压器压气叶轮在离心载荷作用下的爆裂转速，并对完整压气叶轮及2种弱化处理的压气叶轮进行了包容性试验。结果表明：运用双线性等向强化弹塑性材料模型计算得到的压气叶轮爆裂转速与试验值约相差2%，而运用常规线弹性材料模型计算得到的压气叶轮爆裂转速与试验值约相差16%，偏保守。同时，2种弱化处理的压气叶轮均在预定转速下爆裂，验证了弱化方式的合理性与准确性；通过控制开槽的尺寸即可实现压气叶轮在预定转速下爆裂。研究结果为后续涡轮增压器压气叶轮包容性分析奠定了基础。
关键词： 涡轮增压器;  压气叶轮;  包容性;  弹塑性;  爆裂转速    
Abstract: With the continuous development of combustion engine in the direction of high efficiency, great power and intelligence, the turbocharger that is the core component of the combustion engine is gradually moving towards high pressure ratio, high rotational velocity and great flow. Due to the high rotational velocity of the turbocharger compressor impeller, the impeller burst, especially when non-containment debris is generated, will seriously endanger the operation safety of combustion engines, even causing the personal injury or death. Therefore, it is extremely important to research the containment of turbochargers. Based on the finite element method, the bursting rotational velocities of the turbocharger compressor impeller under the centrifugal load were simulated by using the linear elastic material model and bilinear isotropic strengthened elastoplastic material model for the containments of turbocharger (rotational velocity and weakened way of compressor impeller).Then, the containment experiments for the complete compressor impeller and two weakened compressor impellers were carried out. The results showed that the bursting rotational velocities of compressor impellers calculated by the bilinear isotropic strengthened elastoplastic material model had a difference of about 2% with the experimental values, while the difference between the bursting rotational velocities calculated by the linear elastic material model and experimental values was about 16%, which was conservative. At the same time, both weakened compressor impellers burst under the predetermined rotational velocity, which verified the rationality and accuracy of weakened mode. It could be realized that the compressor impeller burst under a predetermined rotational velocity by controlling the size of groove. The research results lay a foundation for the follow-up containment analysis of compressor impeller.
Key words: turbocharger    compressor impleller    containment    elastoplasticity    bursting rotational velocity
收稿日期: 2019-08-21 出版日期: 2020-04-28
:  TK 421.8  
基金资助: 工业和信息化部高技术船舶科研计划“船用低速机工程(一期)”研制经费资助项目
作者简介: 王文鼎（1992—），男，甘肃武威人，工程师，硕士，从事增压器结构强度与可靠性研究，E-mail：wendinglut@126.com,https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-0478-575X
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引用本文:

王文鼎, 周东, 陈世凡, 刘扬, 袁源. 涡轮增压器压气叶轮爆裂转速数值分析与试验研究[J]. 工程设计学报, 2020, 27(2): 247-255.

WANG Wen-ding, ZHOU Dong, CHEN Shi-fan, LIU Yang, YUAN Yuan. Numerical analysis and experimental research on bursting rotational velocity of turbocharger compressor impeller. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2020, 27(2): 247-255.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2020.00.023    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2020/V27/I2/247

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