Fertility status and phosphorus loss risk of vegetable field soils in Xitiaoxi watershed

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.01.242

Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences)

2023, Vol. 49

Issue (1): 85-95 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.01.242

Resource utilization & environmental protection

Fertility status and phosphorus loss risk of vegetable field soils in Xitiaoxi watershed

Xiaoying GUO¹(

),Xiaoxia LIU²,Jian WANG¹,Yuemin NI³,Mingzhu LENG⁴,Wuzhong NI¹(

)

^1.Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
^2.Cultivated Land Quality and Fertilizer Administration Station of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310020, Zhejiang, China
^3.Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
^4.Anji Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Huzhou 313300, Zhejiang, China

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Abstract

The high degree of intensive utilization of vegetable field soils is prone to nutrient imbalance and excessive accumulation, which hinders the sustainable development of vegetable production. Based on the analysis of fertility status and main obstacle factors of vegetable field soils under the open land and facility cultivation patterns in the Xitiaoxi watershed, the threshold of soil phosphorus (P) loss was explored in this study. The results indicated that the soil pH value under the open land cultivation pattern was significantly lower (P＜0.05) than that under the facility cultivation pattern. The contents of soil total potassium (K), available K, available P, and water-extractable P under the facility cultivation pattern were significantly higher (P＜0.05) than those under the open land cultivation pattern, as well as the total soluble salt content and electrical conductivity. It was also found that the fertility grades of vegetable field soils under the two cultivation patterns were mostly (95.8%) Grade Ⅱ. The correlation between soil water-extractable P and Mehlich 3-P was well illustrated with the piecewise linear regression equation. The threshold of Mehlich 3-P for controlling P loss from the open land and facility vegetable field soils was estimated to be 102.7 mg/kg and 128.7 mg/kg, respectively. Thus, the soil samples exceeding this threshold accounted for 65.0% and 83.3% of the total number of samples, respectively. In conclusion, the soil acidification and the risk of P loss under the open land and facility cultivation patterns in the Xitiaoxi watershed are serious, and the soil salinization under the facility cultivation pattern is an outstanding issue.

Key words： vegetable field soils cultivation patterns soil fertility secondary salinization phosphorus loss threshold

Received: 24 January 2022 Published: 07 March 2023

CLC:

S158.2

Corresponding Authors: Wuzhong NI E-mail: xy.guo@zju.edu.cn;wzni@zju.edu.cn

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Cite this article:

Xiaoying GUO,Xiaoxia LIU,Jian WANG,Yuemin NI,Mingzhu LENG,Wuzhong NI. Fertility status and phosphorus loss risk of vegetable field soils in Xitiaoxi watershed. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2023, 49(1): 85-95.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.01.242 OR https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/Y2023/V49/I1/85

西苕溪流域菜地土壤肥力状况与磷素流失风险

菜地土壤集约化利用程度高，容易出现养分不平衡和过量积累等问题，严重影响蔬菜产业的可持续发展。本文基于西苕溪流域露地和设施栽培模式下菜地土壤肥力状况和主要障碍因子分析，探究了菜地土壤磷素流失风险阈值。结果表明：露地菜地土壤pH值显著低于设施菜地（P＜0.05）；设施菜地土壤全钾、速效钾、有效磷、水溶性磷含量和水溶性盐总量、电导率显著高于露地菜地（P＜0.05）。2种栽培模式下95.8%菜地土壤处于Ⅱ级肥力水平。土壤水溶性磷与Mehlich 3-P的关系可用分段线性回归方程表征，估算得出露地和设施菜地土壤磷素流失风险阈值分别为102.7、128.7 mg/kg，超过对应阈值的样本数分别占总数的65.0%和83.3%。综上所述，西苕溪流域内露地和设施菜地土壤酸化状况较为严重，磷素潜在流失风险非常高，其中设施菜地土壤次生盐渍化问题更为突出。

关键词： 菜地土壤, 栽培模式, 土壤肥力, 次生盐渍化, 磷素流失, 阈值

Table 1 Evaluation standards of vegetable field soil nutrient grades^[18-19]

Fig. 1 Soil pH values in open land and facility vegetable fieldsOL: Open land cultivation; F: Facility cultivation. The line segments at the top and bottom of the box diagram represent the 95% and 5% of the data; the upper side and the lower side of the rectangle in the box diagram represent the 3rd and 1st quartiles, respectively, and the solid line in the middle of the rectangle represents the median, and the dash line represents the average value; and the solid dot in the figure represents the outlier. Different lowercase letters in the figure indicate significant differences at the 0.05 probability level. The same as below.

Fig. 2 Soil organic matter contents in open land and facility vegetable fieldsThe same lowercase letter in the figure indicates no significant differences at the 0.05 probability level, and the same as below.

Fig. 3 Soil cation exchange capacities in open land and facility vegetable fields

Fig. 4 Soil N, P and K contents in open land and facility vegetable fields

Fig. 5 Soil total soluble salt content and electrical conductivity in open land and facility vegetable fields

Fig. 6 Relationships between soil water-extractable P and Mehlich 3-P in open land vegetable fields

Fig. 7 Relationships between soil water-extractable P and Mehlich 3-P in facility vegetable fields


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