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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences)  2020, Vol. 46 Issue (1): 101-110    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2019.07.311
Research articles     
Mechanism of the inhibition of elevated CO2 atmosphere on enzymatic browning of fresh-cut lotus roots
Dong LI1(),Zhihao ZHAN1,Xinyue ZHOU1,Yintao LI1,Li LI1,Xingyu LIN1,Yanqun XU1,2,Zisheng LUO1,2,3,4,5()
1.College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2.Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, China
3.Key Laboratory of Ago-Products Postharvest Handing of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310058, China
4.National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Hangzhou 310058, China
5.Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Abstract  

Enzymatic browning is one of the main factors affecting the quality and shelf life of fresh-cut lotus root. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanism of inhibition of elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) on enzymatic browning by applying 20% CO2 to fresh-cut lotus roots. The results showed that 20% CO2 treatment significantly inhibited the increase of yellow-blue (b*) value, browning index, and the decrease of lightness (L*) value, thus delaying browning of fresh-cut lotus root. During the storage, the lotus root in 20% CO2 treatment group showed lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content and relative electrolyte leakage compared with those of the control group, indicating that 20% CO2 treatment effectively maintained membrane integrity and good locular distribution of enzymes and substrates. Enzymatic activity analysis showed that 20% CO2 treatment decreased the activities of phenylalnine ammonialyase, polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase, resulting in inhibiting the rate of enzymatic reactions. In addition, 20% CO2 treatment also decreased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced form (NADH) content and increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced form (NADPH) content by activating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase (NADK) activity, which led to the decrease of energy charge and the enhancement of antioxidant levels, and caused delay in senescence and enzymatic browning during the storage. The above results suggest that elevated CO2 might be an effective strategy to inhibit postharvest enzymatic browning.

Key words： fresh-cut lotus root      elevated CO2 atmosphere      enzymatic browning      energy metabolism     
Received: 31 July 2019      Published: 25 February 2020
CLC:  TS 255.3  
Corresponding Authors: Zisheng LUO     E-mail: dong_li@zju.edu.cn;luozisheng@zju.edu.cn
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Dong LI
Zhihao ZHAN
Xinyue ZHOU
Yintao LI
Li LI
Xingyu LIN
Yanqun XU
Zisheng LUO
Cite this article:

Dong LI,Zhihao ZHAN,Xinyue ZHOU,Yintao LI,Li LI,Xingyu LIN,Yanqun XU,Zisheng LUO. Mechanism of the inhibition of elevated CO2 atmosphere on enzymatic browning of fresh-cut lotus roots. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2020, 46(1): 101-110.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2019.07.311     OR     http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/Y2020/V46/I1/101


高浓度二氧化碳气调抑制鲜切莲藕酶促褐变的机制

利用20%二氧化碳（CO2）气调贮藏鲜切莲藕，以探究CO2对莲藕采后褐变的影响及其相关调控机制。结果表明：20% CO2显著抑制黄蓝（b*）值、褐变指数的上升及明度（L*）值的下降，延缓了莲藕褐变的发生。贮藏期间，20% CO2处理组中丙二醛（malondialdehyde, MDA）含量及相对电导率均显著低于对照组（P＜0.05，P＜0.01），说明20% CO2处理能够维持细胞膜结构完整性，维持良好的酶与底物区室化分布。褐变相关酶活性分析表明，20% CO2处理降低了苯丙氨酸解氨酶、多酚氧化酶及过氧化物酶活性，有效抑制了酶促反应速率。此外，20% CO2处理通过激活烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸激酶（nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide kinase, NADK）活性，降低细胞还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced form, NADH）水平并提高还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced form, NADPH）水平，引起能荷降低的同时提高细胞抗氧化水平，进而延缓莲藕采后衰老及酶促褐变的发生。上述结果表明，高浓度CO2气调是一种有效的抑制酶促褐变的采后保鲜手段。


关键词： 鲜切莲藕,  高浓度CO2气调,  酶促褐变,  能量代谢 
Fig. 1 Effect of elevated CO2 on exterior quality, yellow-blue (b*) value, lightness(L*) value and browning index of fresh-cut lotus rootValues are presented as means ± standard deviation. Single asterisk (*) indicates significant differences at the 0.05 probability level, and double asterisks (**) indicate highly significant differences at the 0.01 probability level; n=3.
Fig. 2 Effect of elevated CO2 on MDA content and relative electrolyte leakage of fresh-cut lotus rootValues are presented as means ± standard deviation. Single asterisk (*) indicates significant differences at the 0.05 probability level, and double asterisks (**) indicate highly significant differences at the 0.01 probability level; n=3.
Fig. 3 Effect of elevated CO2 on the activities of PAL, PPO and POD of fresh-cut lotus rootValues are presented as means ± standard deviation. Single asterisk (*) indicates significant differences at the 0.05 probability level, and double asterisks (**) indicate highly significant differences at the 0.01 probability level; n=3.
Fig. 4 Effect of elevated CO2 on the contents of ATP, ADP, AMP and energy charge of fresh-cut lotus rootValues are presented as means ± standard deviation. Single asterisk (*) indicates significant differences at the 0.05 probability level, and double asterisks (**) indicate highly significant differences at the 0.01 probability level; n=3.
Fig. 5 Effect of elevated CO2 on the contents of NADH, NAD＋, NADPH, NADP＋ and the activity of NADK in fresh-cut lotus root
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