Numerical classification of lotus cultivars based on flower color phenotype

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2019.07.151

Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences)

2020, Vol. 46

Issue (3): 319-326 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2019.07.151

Horticulture

Numerical classification of lotus cultivars based on flower color phenotype

Yiping LIU(

),Fangfang WU,Dan HE,Yuan ZHUANG,Dezheng KONG(

)

College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China

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Abstract

In order to define accurately the different flower phenotypes of lotus, a colorimeter was used to measure the various flower colors of 66 lotus cultivars. A numerical taxonomical study of flower colors was carried out by cluster analysis and ISCC-NBS method of designating colors. The results showed that the classification results obtained by cluster analysis could not fully represent the classification characteristics of lotus flowers; however, the ISCC-NBS method of designating colors was preferably corresponded with CIELab color system. According to the standard, all colors were divided into six groups (yellow, white, light pink, moderate pink, pink purple and red), and the numbers of white and moderate pink samples were more, accounting for 22.72% and 24.24% of the total number of samples. Each color group had correspondence with the L^*, a^*, b^* values of CIELab coordinate, so the quantitative description of the color of different lotus cultivars could be realized. What’s more, the flower colors of the lotus cultivars were various and the color differences of different color systems were significant. Although there was a negative correlation between the lightness value and chroma value of the lotus flower phenotype as a whole, it was clearly divided into two groups in the two-dimensional coordinates of the lightness value and chroma value. The first group contained yellow and white groups; and the second group contained light pink, moderate pink, pink purple and red groups. In conclusion, the combination of instrument color measurement and ISCC-NBS method of designating colors can more accurately define the classification of lotus flower color, which provides a theoretical basis for the identification of lotus cultivars and flower color breeding.

Key words： lotus flower color phenotype numerical classification ISCC-NBS method of designating colors cluster analysis

Received: 15 July 2019 Published: 17 July 2020

CLC:

S 682.32

Corresponding Authors: Dezheng KONG E-mail: Lyp_163@163.com;Kdz217@163.com

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Cite this article:

Yiping LIU,Fangfang WU,Dan HE,Yuan ZHUANG,Dezheng KONG. Numerical classification of lotus cultivars based on flower color phenotype. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2020, 46(3): 319-326.

URL:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2019.07.151 OR http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/Y2020/V46/I3/319

基于花色表型的荷花品种数量分类

为了精确定义荷花不同品种的花色，利用色差仪对66个荷花品种花色表型值进行测定，并进行数量分类研究。结果表明：使用聚类分析方法得到的分类结果不能完全表征荷花花色的分类特点；而用ISCC-NBS色名表示法对花色的定义更为准确，可将荷花花色分为黄色、白色、浅粉色、中粉色、粉紫色和红色6大色系，其中白色和中粉色系的样本数量较多，分别占22.72%和24.24%。各色系与CIELab颜色系统（L^*、a^*和b^*）参数有较好的对应关系，能够实现对荷花品种各种花色的定量描述。同时，研究发现荷花品种花色丰富，且不同色系的荷花品种花色差异较为显著。此外，虽然整体上荷花花色表型的明度和彩度呈负相关关系，但是在明度和彩度二维坐标上可明显分为2个类群，其中：第1类群包含黄色和白色系；第2类群包含浅粉色、中粉色、粉紫色和红色系。综上所述，仪器测色法与ISCC-NBS色名表示法相结合，可以更准确地定义和分类荷花花色，为荷花品种的鉴定及花色育种等提供了理论依据。

关键词： 荷花, 花色表型, 数量分类, ISCC-NBS色名表示法, 聚类分析

Table 1 Lotus cultivars tested

Fig. 1 Cluster analysis of flower color of 66 lotus petal samples based on L^*, a^*and b^* values

Table 2 Cluster analysis results of flower color of 66 lotus cultivars

Table 3 Color naming result of 66 lotus cultivars based on ISCC-NBS method of designating colors

Table 4 Classification of lotus flower color based on ISCC-NBS system

Fig. 2 Box plots of different color groups of lotus according to L^*, a^*and b^*1: Yellow group; 2: White group; 3: Light pink group; 4: Moderate pink group; 5: Pink purple group; 6: Red group.

Fig. 5 Relationships between L^*and C^* among lotus cultivarsA. Relationships between L^* and C^* among lotus cultivars in yellow and white groups; B. Relationships between L^*and C^* among lotus cultivars in light pink, moderate pink, pink purple and red groups.

Fig. 3 Two-dimensional distribution diagram of a^*^{and b^*^{(A) and three-dimensional distribution diagram of L^*, a^* and b^* (B)}}

Fig. 4 Two-dimensional scatterplot according to L^*and C^* among lotus cultivars


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