Abstract In the past , chiral pesticides were explored as racemic mixtures in environmental fate and ecotoxicities . However , as a result of the enantioselective interactions with chiral molecules , the enantiomers of chiral pesticides may have different potential toxicities to humans and animals . The present review introduced recent findings on enantioselective endocrine disruption , neurotoxicity ,immunotoxicity , reproductive and developmental toxicity of organophosphorus , organochlorines ,pyrethroids and phenylpyrazole pesticides , as well as the underlying mechanisms . Furthermore , the developmental trends of future investigations were discussed .