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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）  2021, Vol. 47 Issue (3): 389-394    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2020.08.142
动物科学与动物医学     
浙江省淳安县中华蜜蜂囊状幼虫病毒与蜂房球菌感染情况调查
王德前1(),黄敏婕1,郭海坤2,方勐鸽3,李君竹4,董捷1()
1.浙江省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所，杭州 310021
2.浙江省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所，杭州 310021
3.浙江省淳安千岛湖方兴中蜂专业合作社，杭州 311701
4.浙江省淳安千岛湖好清蜜蜜蜂专业合作社，杭州 311701
Investigation on the infection of Chinese sacbrood virus and Melissococcus pluton in Chinese honeybee (Apis cerana cerana) of Chun’an County of Zhejiang Province
Deqian WANG1(),Minjie HUANG1,Haikun GUO2,Mengge FANG3,Junzhu LI4,Jie DONG1()
1.Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
2.Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
3.Fang Xing Beekeeping Professional Cooperative of Qiandao Lake in Chun’an County, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311701, China
4.Hao Qing-mi Beekeeping Professional Cooperative of Qiandao Lake in Chun’an County, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 311701, China
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摘要：

为了解浙江省淳安县中华蜜蜂囊状幼虫病和欧洲幼虫腐臭病病原［中蜂囊状幼虫病毒（Chinese sacbrood virus, CSBV）和蜂房球菌（Melissococcus pluton）］全年流行情况，于2019年1月—12月采集淳安县5个饲养点的中蜂工蜂，并采用聚合酶链式反应检测方法，监测这2种病原在蜂群内的动态变化情况。结果显示：CSBV蜂群感染率在春季3月最高，为84%，到夏季7月降到最低，又从秋季开始升高，一直延续到冬季；蜂房球菌感染率从春季开始升高，到夏季开始下降，又从秋季开始升高，在10月和11月达到全年最高水平，为72%，冬季略有下降；在一年当中，蜂群内中蜂囊状幼虫病和欧洲幼虫腐臭病病原具有共同存在的现象；通过实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应检测发现，秋季蜂房球菌存在的蜂群内CSBV载量显著高于单一检出CSBV的蜂群（P＜0.05）。总之，本研究明确了浙江省淳安县中蜂2种主要病原在蜂群中的全年流行动态情况，可为该地区中蜂病害的预防和控制提供理论指导。
关键词： 中华蜜蜂囊状幼虫病;  欧洲幼虫腐臭病;  流行病学;  淳安县;  病原共存    
Abstract:

In order to understand the annual epidemic situation of Chinese sacbrood disease and European foulbrood disease pathogens [Chinese sacbrood virus (CSBV) and Melissococcus pluton, respectively] in Chinese honeybee (Apis cerana cerana) of Chun’an County of Zhejiang Province, the workers in Chinese honeybee colonies were collected from five breeding sites in Chun’an County from January to December in 2019, and the dynamic changes of the two main disease pathogens in the Chinese honeybee colonies were monitored by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that the colony infection rate of CSBV was the highest in March of spring (84%), and it decreased to the lowest in July of summer, then increased from autumn to winter. The infection rate of M. pluton increased from spring to summer, and then increased from autumn to the highest level of 72% in late autumn (October) and early winter (November), and decreased slightly in winter. Furthermore, there was co-infection phenomenon of these two disease pathogens in honeybee colonies in the whole year. The results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the viral load of CSBV in colonies with M. pluton in autumn was significantly higher than that in the colonies with a single infected CSBV (P＜0.05). In conclusion, the annual epidemic dynamics of two main disease pathogens of Chinese honeybee is clarified in Chun’an County of Zhejiang Province, which can provide theoretical guidances for the prevention and control of Chinese honeybee diseases in this region.
Key words: Chinese sacbrood disease    European foulbrood disease    epidemiology    Chun’an County    pathogen coexistence
收稿日期: 2020-08-14 出版日期: 2021-06-25
CLC:  S 895.132  
基金资助: 浙江省农业科学院地方科技合作项目(CA20170001);浙江省农业科学院扶持学科项目;浙江省农业科学院院地合作发展建设项目
通讯作者: 董捷     E-mail: wangdq@zaas.ac.cn;smalljie1983@163.com
作者简介: 王德前（https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3831-9669），E-mail：wangdq@zaas.ac.cn
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引用本文:

王德前,黄敏婕,郭海坤,方勐鸽,李君竹,董捷. 浙江省淳安县中华蜜蜂囊状幼虫病毒与蜂房球菌感染情况调查[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2021, 47(3): 389-394.

Deqian WANG,Minjie HUANG,Haikun GUO,Mengge FANG,Junzhu LI,Jie DONG. Investigation on the infection of Chinese sacbrood virus and Melissococcus pluton in Chinese honeybee (Apis cerana cerana) of Chun’an County of Zhejiang Province. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2021, 47(3): 389-394.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2020.08.142    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2021/V47/I3/389

引物名称

Primer name

引物序列（5′→3′）

Primer sequence (5′→3′)

用途

Usage

文献

Reference

CSBV-FACAAGAACGTCCACTACACCGRT-PCR[8]
CSBV-RGGCGCACACTTAGCGTGAGTT
EFB-FGCGGCTCTCTGGTCTGTAACTPCR[9]
EFB-RTGCTTAACCTCGCGGTCTT
CSBV-FFGAGGAAGATGCTCAGCGGAACTATRT-qPCR

本研究

This study

CSBV-FRGCGTGCTCATCGGAGAATGC
表1  中囊病病毒和欧幼病病原检测的引物信息
图1  浙江省淳安县中囊病病毒全年检出率调查
图2  浙江省淳安县欧幼病病原蜂房球菌全年检出率调查
图3  浙江省淳安县中囊病病毒和欧幼病病原全年检出率调查
图4  细菌病毒共感染蜂群与单一感染病毒蜂群CSBV拷贝数比较*表示在P＜0.05水平差异有统计学意义。
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