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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)  2016, Vol. 42 Issue (5): 565-    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2016.03.011
农业科学     
浙江省晚粳稻耐低氮品种的筛选和评价
翟荣荣1, 余鹏1,2, 叶胜海1, 王俊梅1,2, 吴明国3, 林建荣3, 朱国富1, 张小明1*
1.浙江省农业科学院作物与核技术利用研究所,杭州310021;2.浙江师范大学化学与生命科学学院,浙江 金华321004;
3.中国水稻研究所,杭州310006
Screening and comprehensive evaluation of low nitrogen tolerance of Zhejiang photosensitive japonica rice cultivars
ZHAI Rongrong1, YU Peng1,2, YE Shenghai1, WANG Junmei1,2, WU Mingguo3, LIN Jianrong3, ZHU Guofu1, ZHANG Xiaoming1*
1. Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; 2. College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321004, China; 3. China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
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摘要： 以14个浙江省常规晚粳稻品种为材料,采用营养液培养和大田栽培相结合的方式,研究了低氮胁迫对水稻苗期形态与分蘖期分蘖数和成熟期有效穗数、株高、穗长及其他产量因素的影响。结果表明,低氮胁迫对供试品种的主要形态、产量等性状均有影响。在低氮胁迫下,苗高、苗干质量、分蘖数、株高、有效穗数和单株产量分别降低15.61%、36.92%、38.88%、5.98%、12.98%和29.44%;根尖数、根长、根干质量、根冠比、穗长、结实率和千粒质量分别提高2.68%、1.83%、8.31%、74.78%、0.05%、1.18%和0.26%。根据性状相对值的变异系数大小,筛选出根尖数、苗干质量、根干质量、根冠比、有效穗数和单株产量6个性状作为耐低氮能力的筛选指标。据此通过模糊隶属函数法、主成分分析法和系统聚类法,对耐低氮能力进行综合评价,重合率达80%。本试验筛选出具有一定耐低氮特性的常规晚粳稻品种浙粳88、祥湖301和秀水42,对低氮胁迫表现较为敏感的品种湖251、浙湖3号和矮糯21。上述研究结果为深入研究耐低氮胁迫的遗传机制以及通过遗传改良培育氮高效品种，奠定了材料基础。
Abstract: Nitrogen is the most important mineral nutrient taken up from the soil by plants. In cereal crops, accumulation and utilization of nitrogen are essential physiological processes that determine grain yield and quality. However, low nitrogen fertilizer efficiency and much nitrogen loss directly and indirectly led to a series of environment problems. The nitrogen fertilizer efficiency of rice cultivars is significantly different. Thus, exploring and exploiting low-nitrogen tolerant rice germplasm resources, and cultivating genetically modified rice cultivars with high nitrogen fertilizer efficiency is an ideal way to solve this problem. Previous studies were carried out on low nitrogen tolerance, and a number of useful low nitrogen tolerant germplasm resources were identified. However, there are few studies about screening and comprehensive evaluation of low nitrogen tolerance of Zhejiang photosensitive japonica rice cultivars. 　　To understand the difference of low nitrogen tolerance in Zhejiang photosensitive japonica rice varieties, 14 Zhejiang photosensitive japonica rice cultivars were used to analyze the morphological traits at the seedling stage, the tiller number at the tillering stage and the yield-related traits at the maturity stage under low nitrogen treatment in the nutrient solution and field test. Fuzzy membership function, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to comprehensively evaluate low nitrogen tolerance. 　　The results showed that low nitrogen stress had a significant impact on the morphological and yield indexes of rice cultivars. Seedling height, shoot dry mass, tiller number, plant height, effective panicle number and yield per plant were reduced by 15.61%, 36.92%, 38.88%, 5.98%, 12.98% and 29.44%, respectively; root tips number, root length, root dry mass, root to shoot ratio, panicle length, seed set rate and 1 000-grain mass were increased by 2.68%, 1.83%, 8.31%, 74.78%, 0.05%, 1.18% and 0.26%, respectively. Based on the coefficients of variation of relative value, total of 6 indexes including root tips number, shoot dry mass, root dry mass, root to shoot ratio, effective panicle number and yield per plant were selected as indexes for screening and evaluating low nitrogen tolerance. And then we used fuzzy membership function, principal component analysis and cluster analysis to comprehensive evaluate low nitrogen tolerance, the coincidences rates of the results reached 80%. This study showed that Zhejing 88, Xianghu 301 and Xiushui 42 were low nitrogen resistant cultivars; Hu 251, Zhehu 3 and Ainuo 21 were sensitive cultivars. 　　According to the results, root tips number, root dry mass, shoot dry mass and root to shoot ratio at the seedling stage, effective panicle number and yield per plant at the maturity stage were selected as indexes for screening and evaluating low nitrogen tolerance of the tested cultivars.
出版日期: 2016-09-20
CLC:  S 511.22  
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翟荣荣
余鹏
叶胜海
王俊梅
吴明国
林建荣
朱国富
张小明

引用本文:

翟荣荣,余鹏,叶胜海,王俊梅,吴明国,林建荣,朱国富,张小明. 浙江省晚粳稻耐低氮品种的筛选和评价[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2016, 42(5): 565-.

ZHAI Rongrong, YU Peng, YE Shenghai, WANG Junmei, WU Mingguo, LIN Jianrong, ZHU Guofu, ZHANG Xiaoming. Screening and comprehensive evaluation of low nitrogen tolerance of Zhejiang photosensitive japonica rice cultivars. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2016, 42(5): 565-.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2016.03.011    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2016/V42/I5/565

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