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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)  2016, Vol. 42 Issue (5): 589-    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2015.11.182
资源与环境科学     
养殖氧化塘周边地下水氨氧化细菌分布及环境因子的影响
任娟, 张磊, 曾令藻, 吴劳生, 施加春*
浙江大学环境与资源学院土水资源与环境研究所,杭州310058
Groundwater ammonia-oxidizing bacteria distribution and the correlations between the distribution and environmental factors around livestock lagoons
REN Juan, ZHANG Lei, ZENG Lingzao, WU Laosheng, SHI Jiachun*
Institute of Soil and Water Resource and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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摘要： 为了研究畜禽养殖场的废水氧化塘对周边地下水的影响,我们通过在海盐县某养猪场氧化塘周边区域布井,采集相应点位的地下水,并采用分子生物学手段实时荧光定量核酸扩增检测(real-time quantitative PCR detecting system,qPCR)和水质理化性质分析手段,研究氧化塘周边相应位点地下水中的氨氧化细菌(ammonia-oxidizing bacteria,AOB)的丰度和水质情况，并结合相关系数,探究AOB丰度与环境因子之间的关系。结果表明：在相应位点的地下水中AOB的丰度与相应地下水中氨氮、硝氮和总氮的质量浓度呈显著正相关,特别是AOB丰度与硝氮呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01)；同时也发现AOB丰度受pH影响,当pH>7.8时,AOB丰度较大,但AOB丰度和pH线性相关性不显著。
Abstract: Groundwater is a precious natural resource, which is used as potable water, industrial water and agricultural water. With the development of breeding industry, lots of waste water and solid wastes discharged to the environment, has caused serious groundwater safety problems, especially high nitrogen concentration. Groundwater is a kind of comparatively well living environment for micro-organisms. Because it has abundant nutrition, water, adaptive temperature and pH and all these conditions are beneficial for growth and reproduction of micro-organisams. In water nitrate cycle, micro-organisms play a significant role. The first and rate limiting step of nitrification is ammoxidation, and the functional gene is ammonia monooxygenase, which existed in ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and ammonia-oxidizing archaea. 　　However, the factors affecting ammonia-oxidizing bacteria distribution pattern in groundwater and the influence mode are still not very clear. This study attempted to improve understanding of groundwater ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) abundance distribution and the correlations between the distribution and environmental factors around the livestock farm's hog-waste lagoon in Haiyan County. 　　The amount of AOB and the nitrate concentrations were tested respectively by real-time PCR and continuous flow analyzer. The correlations among environmental factors, AOB abundance and relative abundance of AOB were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient. 　　The results indicated that NH4+-N concentration ranged from 0.35—18.98 mg/L, most of which were much higher than 0.5 mg/L in groundwater quality standard (GB/T 14848—93). And NH4+-N, the main pollution in this site, accounted for a large proportion in total nitrogen. All the water samples were weak base, and pH ranged from 7.17—7.87. Due to the shallow buried depth of groundwater in Zhejiang Province, all the water samples temperature were close to air temperature, which ranged from 22—25 ℃. Total nitrogen had similar distribution pattern with NH4+-N, samples beside lagoon No.2 >samples beside lagoon No.1 and others. The result of No.2 was built nearly half a year later than No.1 and had a less stable boundary condition. Meanwhile, W18 and W24 had both high nitrogen concentration and high total organic carbon concentration. This may be caused by the same reason. Principal component analysis (PCA) result showed that the concentrations of NH4+-N and NO3--N are the two principal components of environmental factors with contribution rates are respectively 45.7% and 25.1%. AOB abundance also had similar distribution pattern with NH4+-N. Besides, in the center of site, W11 and W15 also had relatively higher AOB abundance. AOB was dominant bacteria in W11, W15, W24 and W25, whose relative abundance was larger than 25%. It was also observed that pH could influence the AOB abundance. AOB abundance of water sample with pH>7.8 was strongly larger than that of water sample with pH<7.3. AOB abundance and AOB relative abundance had significantly positive correlation with NO3--N (P<0.01). Meanwhile, they had positive correlation with NH4+-N and total nitrogen (P<0.05). 　　The main findings from this study are that both AOB abundance and AOB relative abundance show positive correlations with nitrogen concentration, including NH4+-N, NO3--N and total nitrogen. The AOB abundance and relative abundance are significantly positive correlated with NO3--N (P<0.01). When pH>7.8, the AOB abundance is significantly larger than the abundance when pH<7.3. However the AOB abundance is not correlated with pH value.
出版日期: 2016-09-20
CLC:  X 523  
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张磊
曾令藻
吴劳生
施加春
任娟

引用本文:

任娟, 张磊, 曾令藻, 吴劳生, 施加春. 养殖氧化塘周边地下水氨氧化细菌分布及环境因子的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2016, 42(5): 589-.

REN Juan, ZHANG Lei, ZENG Lingzao, WU Laosheng, SHI Jiachun. Groundwater ammonia-oxidizing bacteria distribution and the correlations between the distribution and environmental factors around livestock lagoons. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2016, 42(5): 589-.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2015.11.182    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2016/V42/I5/589

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