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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)  2016, Vol. 42 Issue (2): 245-255    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2015.09.101
资源与环境科学     
烟秆生物质炭热解温度优化及理化性质分析
杨兴1,2,黄化刚1,3*,王玲1,申燕1,陆扣萍2,韩学博2,王海龙2
1.贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司，贵州 毕节551700；2.浙江农林大学环境与资源学院，浙江省土壤污染生物修复重点实验室，浙江 临安 311300；3.河南农业大学作物学博士后流动站，郑州 450002
Pyrolysis temperature optimization of biochar from tobacco stalk and its physicochemical characterization.
YANG Xing1,2, HUANG Huagang1,3*, WANG Ling1, SHEN Yan1, LU Kouping2, HAN Xuebo2, WANG Hailong2
(1. Bijie Tobacco Company of Guizhou Province, Bijie 551700, Guizhou, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, School of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A &F University, Lin’an 311300, Zhejiang, China; 3. Postdoctoral Research Center of Crops, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)
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摘要： 为了解热解温度对烟秆生物质炭物理和化学特征的影响，将烟秆分别在350、400、450、500、550和600 ℃条件下热解制备生物质炭，测定烟秆生物质炭的得率、pH值、电导率和比表面积等基本特征，并通过扫描电镜、红外光谱、X射线能谱、X射线衍射和13C核磁共振等方法分析烟秆生物质炭的成分及结构特征。结果表明：烟秆生物质炭的得率、O含量、H含量和H/C、O/C、(O+N)/C原子比均随热解温度的提高逐渐降低，而pH值、电导率、比表面积和C含量等指标随热解温度提高逐渐增大；得率和pH值在大于500 ℃时趋于稳定，比表面积和pH值在450 ℃时均达最大（8.86 m2/g和9.98）。此外，随着热解温度的提高，烟秆生物质炭表面的含氧官能团明显减少，矿质元素和表面晶体含量逐渐增大。烟秆生物质炭中K、Al、Ca元素含量较高，分别为28.46~35.47、10.74~35.86和13.15~24.95 g/kg；生物质炭的稳定性和芳香化程度随热解温度升高而提高，而整体极性逐渐降低。综合分析，在450 ℃制备的烟秆生物质炭对农业生产和生态环境的预期效果最好。该研究结果可以为烟秆的资源化利用和烟秆生物质炭在农业生产和生态环境方面的推广应用提供理论依据和技术支持。
Abstract: Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is an important commercial crop planted in China. Generally, tobacco stalks were burnt in the field after harvest, causing severe air pollution. The utilization of tobacco stalk has become an increasingly challenging issue in tobacco production, whereas conversion of tobacco stalk into biochar may provide a feasible approach. Biochar is a carbonaceous solid pyrolyzed from residual of agricultural and forest biomass. It can be used as soil amendment due to its favorable properties, such as high pH value, cation exchange capacity, oxygen-containing function groups, as well as microporous structures. Previous studies have demonstrated that biochar can be used for remediation of soils contaminated with organic and inorganic pollutants. Moreover, biochar has the potential of enhancing long-term sequestration on soil organic carbon, improving soil structure and water retention ability, promoting bioavailability and retention of the nutrients, and ultimately promoting plant growth and increasing crop yield. The environmental behavior and impacts of biochar mainly depend on its physical and chemical properties, while pyrolysis temperature is the main factor affecting the physicochemical characteristic. To understand the influence of pyrolysis temperature on the physicochemical properties of biochars, the tobacco stalk was pyrolyzed at 350, 400, 450, 500, 550 and 600 ℃, then the properties of biochars such as yield rate, pH value, electrical conductivity and specific surface area were determined. The composition and structure characteristics of biochars were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, X-ray diffraction and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance analyses. The results showed that the yield rate, contents of O and H as well as the H/C, O/C, (O+N)/C ratios of the biochars decreased with the rise of pyrolysis temperature. However, the pH value, electrical conductivity, specific surface area and total carbon contents of biochars increased as the pyrolysis temperature increased. The yield rate and pH value of biochar tended to be stable above 500 ℃, and the specific surface area and pH value peaked at 450 ℃. With the rise of pyrolysis temperature, the content of mineral elements and surface crystal increased, whereas the content of oxygen-containing functional groups decreased. Concentrations of K, Al and Ca were 28.4635.47, 10.7435.86 and 13.1524.95 g/kg, respectively. The stability and aromaticity of biochar increased but its polarity decreased with the rise of pyrolysis temperature. Overall, the tobacco stalk biochar pyrolyzed at 450 ℃ could achieve the optimal benefits for agricultural production and environmental protection. The results can provide useful theoretical guidance and technological support for the recycle and utilization of tobacco stalk, and the application of tobacco stalk biochar in agricultural production and environmental protection.
出版日期: 2016-03-20
CLC:  X 712  
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引用本文:

杨兴，黄化刚，王玲，申燕，陆扣萍，韩学博，王海龙. 烟秆生物质炭热解温度优化及理化性质分析[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2016, 42(2): 245-255.

YANG Xing1,2, HUANG Huagang1,3*, WANG Ling, SHEN Yan, LU Kouping, HAN Xuebo, WANG Hailong. Pyrolysis temperature optimization of biochar from tobacco stalk and its physicochemical characterization.. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2016, 42(2): 245-255.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2015.09.101    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2016/V42/I2/245

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