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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)  2014, Vol. 40 Issue (3): 338-    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2013.09.252
动物科学     
饲料中添加糖萜素对大菱鲆幼鱼生长、免疫及热休克蛋白70含量的影响
郝甜甜1,2, 王际英2, 李宝山2, 张德瑞3, 孙建珍1,2, 孙永智2, 张利民2*
(1.上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海 201306;2.山东省海洋资源与环境研究院,山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室,山东 烟台264006;
3.山东升索渔用饲料研究中心,山东 烟台 265500)
Effect  of dietary supplementation of saccharicterpenin on growth, immunity and heat shock protein 70 content of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)
Hao Tiantian1,2, Wang Jiying2, Li Baoshan2, Zhang Derui3, Sun Jianzhen1,2, Sun Yongzhi2, Zhang Limin2*
(1. College of Fisheries and Life, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; 2. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology,  Shandong Marine Resources and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, Shandong 264006, China; 3. Shengsuo Fishery Feed Research Centre of Shandong Province, Yantai, Shandong  265500, China
)
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摘要： 为探讨糖萜素对大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus）幼鱼生长、免疫及热休克蛋白70含量的影响,试验以添加0,25,50,75,100,200 mg/kg糖萜素制成6种试验饲料（即D0,D25,D50,D75,D100,D200组）,连续投喂初始体质量为(55.0±0.2) g的大菱鲆幼鱼64 d，并于养殖试验结束时进行鳗弧菌（Vibrio anguillarum）感染试验。结果显示,D25,D50,D75组大菱鲆幼鱼增质量率、特定生长率、蛋白质效率、肥满度、肝体比和脾体比显著高于其他各组（P<0.05）,饲料系数显著低于其他各组（P<0.05）,其他各组之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。饲料中添加糖萜素对脏体比和存活率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。D50组显著提高了试验鱼血清溶菌酶（lysozyme,LZM）活性（P<0.05）;D75,D100,D200组总超氧化物歧化酶（total superoxide dismutase,T-SOD)显著高于D0,D25,D50组（P<0.05）;随着添加量的升高,血清一氧化氮（nitric oxide,NO）含量显著降低（P<0.05）;饲料中添加糖萜素对试验鱼血清热休克蛋白70（heat shock protein 70）含量差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。各组间血清丙氨酸转氨酶（alanine aminotransferase,ALT）差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,D200组天冬氨酸转移酶（aspartate transaminase,AST）显著高于其他组（P<0.05）,而其他组之间差异无统计学意义;肝中ALT,AST随糖萜素水平升高而显著降低（P<0.05）。各组间肝总抗氧化能力（total antioxidant capacity,T-AOC）差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）,D25组肝丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）显著低于D100组（P<0.05）,但与其他各组间差异无统计学意义。经鳗弧菌感染48 h后,D50组累计病死率显著低于其他各组（P<0.05）,且D50组免疫保护率（43.21%）高于D25组（19.23%）和D75组（15.39%）。综合以上指标,在饲料中添加50~75 mg/kg糖萜素时,可以促进大菱鲆幼鱼生长,提高其免疫力。  
Abstract: Recently, intensive culture of Scophthalmus maximus has been seriously influenced by various diseases. To solve the problem, different kinds of antibiotics were incorporated in fish diets, which may produce potential drug-resistant pathogens and become a growing menace to aquatic animals as well as mankind. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new and safe additives in aquaculture. Saccharicterpenin is a bioactive compound derived from the plants of camellia seed, and its effective components are triterpenoid saponins and polysaccharides. Previous studies showed that saccharicterpenin could improve growth performance and immune function in freshwater fish. Thus, the aim of the study was examine the effects of dietary administration of saccharicterpen on growth performance, immunity and heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70) content of juvenile turbot, S. maximus (with initial body mass  (55.0±0.2) g). Six isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets were formulated  containing  increasing levels (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 200 mg/kg) of saccharicterpenin  and named as D0, D25, D50, D75, D100, D200, respectively. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 30 juveniles. The experiment was conducted in plastic cylinder tanks in an indoor recirculated feeding system for 64 days. At the termination of the feeding trial, growth performance, serum and liver immunity and metabolic enzymes were determined. The remaining fishes were challenged intraperitoneally with Vibrio anguillarum.    The results showed that fish fed with diets of  D25, D50, and D75 showed significantly higher mass gain (MG), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), condition factor (CF), hepato-somatic index (HSI) and spleen-somatic index (SSI) (P<0.05), and obviously decreased feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P<0.05). However, viscero-somatic index (VSI) and survival rate (SR) revealed no noticeable difference among all treatments　(P>0.05). Fish fed with diet of D50 showed the highest serum lysozyme activity. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were significant enhanced in fish fed diets D75, D100 and D200 compared with other treatments　(P<0.05). Nitric oxide content in serum was significant reduced with the increasing  level of saccharicterpenin (P<0.05).  HSP-70  contents in serum showed no significantly difference among all treatments　(P>0.05). Aspartate transaminase (AST) of serum in D200 was significantly higher than the other groups　(P<0.05), but alanine aminotransferase (ALT) showed no significantly difference　(P>0.05）. ALT and AST of liver significantly decreased with the increasing level of saccharicterpenin (P<0.05). There was no difference in total antioxidant capacity
 (T-AOC) in liver among all groups (P>0.05). Liver malondialdehyde (MDA) content in group D25 was significantly lower than that of D100　(P<0.05), with no change among other groups　(P>0.05). The challenge study showed that fish fed with diet of D50 presented lower cumulative mortality rate than other groups　(P<0.05), and higher immune protective rate of 42.31% compared with those fed with diets of D25 (19.23%) and D75 (15.39%) after 48 hours, respectively. In conclusion, the addition of saccharicterpenin can improve the growth performance, immunity and disease resistance in S.  maximus. Quadratic regression of SGR indicates that the optimal level of saccharicterpenin in diet for juvenile turbot is 74.58 mg/kg.
 
出版日期: 2014-05-20
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张利民2*
郝甜甜1
2
王际英2
李宝山2
张德瑞3
孙建珍1
2
孙永智2

引用本文:

郝甜甜1,2, 王际英2, 李宝山2, 张德瑞3, 孙建珍1,2, 孙永智2, 张利民2*. 饲料中添加糖萜素对大菱鲆幼鱼生长、免疫及热休克蛋白70含量的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2014, 40(3): 338-.

Hao Tiantian1,2, Wang Jiying2, Li Baoshan2, Zhang Derui3, Sun Jianzhen1,2, Sun Yongzhi2, Zhang Limin2*. Effect  of dietary supplementation of saccharicterpenin on growth, immunity and heat shock protein 70 content of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2014, 40(3): 338-.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2013.09.252    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2014/V40/I3/338

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