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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)  2014, Vol. 40 Issue (2): 231-236    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2013.05.301
农业工程     
便携式苗木移植机设计及工作参数优化
张京平*, 朱建锡， 孙腾
（浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院，杭州 310058）
Design and parameter optimization of portable tree transplanting machine.
Zhang Jingping*, Zhu Jianxi, Sun Teng
(School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)
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摘要： 该文设计了一种结构简单、操作方便、工作可靠的便携式苗木移植机.为使设计的苗木移植机具备较好的工作性能，根据Box-Behnken试验设计原理，以偏心块转速、偏心块质量和偏心距为自变量，下挖200 mm所需时间为响应值，采用3因素3水平响应面分析方法，利用Design-Expert 7.0.0软件建立数学模型，对各因素及其交互作用进行分析，并建立了各因素与下挖200 mm所需时间之间的二次回归模型.结果表明：建立的回归方程极其显著(P0.05），偏心块质量、偏心距、偏心块转速3个因素对下挖时间的影响均显著，且其影响的主次顺序为偏心块质量、偏心距、偏心块转速.对苗木移植机工作参数优化表明：当偏心块转速为1 500 r/min、偏心块质量为85.47 g、偏心距为94.67 mm时所需下挖时间最短（22.07 s）；与在该工作参数下的实测值（19.66 s）基本相符，平均相对误差仅为10.90%.总之，该优化设计提高了苗木移植机的工作性能，同时也为苗木移植机工作参数的选择提供了理论参考.
Abstract: Seedling transplanting plays an important role in urban greening and forest plantation. However, this job is still relying on manual labor in China. There are many disadvantages such as heavy labor intensity，high cost and low survival rate of seedlings in this situation. Thus it is necessary to design a machine that can replace artificial seedling transplant. First, a simple, convenient and reliable portable tree transplanting machine was designed, which mainly included damping handle, gasoline engine, deceleration strip, eccentric vibration device, vibration shovel and so on. When this machine was used to transplant trees, the eccentric block was driven by the gasoline engine through the deceleration strip. Combining this with a vertical vibration and a torsion vibration in a horizontal direction and users’ depression, the tree transplanting machine can excavate seedling easily. Furthermore, the format of the vibration shovel was suitable to some different trees whose diameter ranged from 100 mm to 200 mm. Second, in order to increase the machine’s working performance, a response surface method was considered to optimize the working parameter of the portable tree transplanting machine. According to the Box-Behnken principles of experimental design, the operating parameters such as eccentric block roller speed, eccentric block mass and linear eccentricity were selected as independent variables, which would influence the time of machine digging down 200 mm. Meanwhile, the software of Design-Expert 7.0.0 was taken to analyze the experimental data, and the quadratic regression mathematical model was established which can expound the relationship between the three operating parameters and response value. The analysis of variance and significance test of the regression coefficients showed that the quadratic regression mathematical model was consistent with the actual situation and also could predict the test results accurately. Lastly, in line with the optimization of the quadratic regression mathematical model, the optimum operating parameter was determined. In order to verify the correctness of the optimum operating parameter, the actual test was taken by the prototype. The results showed that the three operating parameters all strongly influenced extremely the time of digging down 200 mm and the descending order was eccentric block mass, linear eccentricity and eccentric block roller speed. In addition, the interaction of the eccentric block mass and linear eccentricity also influenced extremely the time of digging down 200 mm. Meanwhile, the mathematical model between these three operating parameters and the time of digging down 200 mm was established. The optimal working parameters were eccentric block roller speed of 1 500 r/min, eccentric block mass of 85.47 g, linear eccentricity of 94.67 mm, then the time of digging down 200 mm was 22.07 s, Which is basically matched with the actual result (19.66 s). And the average relative error between the optimization and trials is 10.90%. In conclusion, the optimization experiment improves the machine’s operating performance and also provides a preferable reference for the design of the tree transplanting machine.
出版日期: 2014-03-20
CLC:  S 776.02  
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张京平*
朱建锡
孙腾

引用本文:

张京平*, 朱建锡， 孙腾. 便携式苗木移植机设计及工作参数优化[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2014, 40(2): 231-236.

Zhang Jingping*, Zhu Jianxi, Sun Teng. Design and parameter optimization of portable tree transplanting machine.. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2014, 40(2): 231-236.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2013.05.301    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2014/V40/I2/231

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