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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)  2016, Vol. 42 Issue (04): 411-418    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2015.09.231
农业科学     
马铃薯不同器官浸提液的自毒作用
万年鑫1， 袁继超1， 何卫2， 龙文靖2， 张琴1， 周少猛1， 郑顺林1*
1.四川农业大学农学院，农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室，成都 611130；2.四川省农业科学院，成都 610066
Autotoxicity of water extracts from different organs of potato
WAN Nianxin1, YUAN Jichao1, HE Wei2, LONG Wenjing2, ZHANG Qin1, ZHOU Shaomeng1, ZHENG Shunlin1*
(1. Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; 2. Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China)
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摘要： 采用盆栽试验，以不含马铃薯浸提液处理为对照，分析马铃薯不同器官（根、茎、叶）浸提液处理对其生长的影响。结果表明：马铃薯不同器官浸提液对马铃薯生长产生明显的抑制作用。其中，茎、叶浸提液对株高具有显著抑制作用(P<0.05），化感效应指数( allelopathic response index，RI)均为-0.11；根浸提液对分枝数、茎粗的抑制作用最强，RI值分别为-0.11和-0.13；同时，根浸提液对马铃薯根系的抑制作用也最大，对根表面积、根尖数、分叉数的RI值分别为-0.25、-0.32、-0.32。经不同器官浸提液处理后，马铃薯叶片叶绿素含量、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性降低；而丙二醛含量随着浸提液质量浓度的升高化感效应降低，且根浸提液的化感效应最强，RI值为-0.10。除根浸提液处理使可溶性糖含量明显增加外，茎、叶浸提液处理使可溶性糖含量降低，RI值达-0.11和-0.02;马铃薯茎、叶浸提液对可溶性蛋白质含量有促进增加的作用，而根浸提液对其产生抑制作用，RI值达-0.06。表明马铃薯不同器官存在自毒作用，但其适应自毒物质胁迫的能力不同，其中，根系自毒作用最为明显。
Abstract: Continuous cropping obstacle caused by intensive cropping of potato has seriously affected its healthy development of industrialization. Autotoxicity was confirmed to be one of the mechanisms causing continuous cropping obstacle; therefore it will be significance to study the autotoxicity of potato for sustainable agriculture production. The growth of plants can be inhibited by autotoxicity through regulating the permeability of cell membrane, affecting the function and enzymatic activities, and even the photosynthesis system. It was so difficult to eliminate the continuous cropping obstacle by agronomic measures, thus it become necessary to solve the problem of continuous cropping obstacle and to reveal the mechanism of autotoxicity for potato.
In this paper, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate effects of water extracts from different organs (root, stem and leaf) of potato on its growth and development. The potatoes were collected from tuber of mature potato in the field, and matrix culture method was adopted to conduct the experiments. Morphological characteristics of root system (root length, root surface area and root volume), and physiological parameters (catalase, peroxidase and malondiadehyde) were used as indicators to study the autotoxicity effect. 
The results showed that: Water extracts from different organs of potato exhibited obvious inhibitory effect on the growth of potato, and the extracts from stem and leaves had significant inhibitory effect on the height of potato (P<0.05), with the alleopathic response index (RI) value of -0.11. The root extracts significantly inhibited the number of branches and stem diameter, with the RI value of -0.11 and -0.13, respectively. Meanwhile, the damage of root system caused by the root extracts was also worst, with the RI value of -0.25 for the root surface area, -0.32 for the root tip number, and -0.32 for the branch number, respectively. The chlorophyll contents of potato leaf, activities of peroxidase and catalase all decreased under the treatments of water extracts from different organs of potato; however, the MDA content was increased, and the allelopathic effect of root extracts was the strongest, with the RI value of -0.10. The soluble sugar content was significantly increased by the root extracts, while reduced by the stem and leaf extracts, with the RI value of -0.11 and -0.02, respectively. On the contrary, the soluble protein content was increased by the stem and leaf extracts, while reduced by the root extracts, with the RI value of -0.06. 
In conclusion, the autotoxicity effect is observed in different organs of potato, but the adaptation to allelochemicals is distinct among the different organs of potato, and the inhibitory effect by root extracts is strongest.
出版日期: 2016-07-20
CLC:  S 532  
通讯作者: 郑顺林(http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1257-3477)，E-mail:zhengshunlin123@163.com   
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万年鑫
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引用本文:

万年鑫，袁继超，何卫，龙文靖，张琴，周少猛，郑顺林. 马铃薯不同器官浸提液的自毒作用[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2016, 42(04): 411-418.

WAN Nianxin, YUAN Jichao, HE Wei, LONG Wenjing, ZHANG Qin, ZHOU Shaomeng, ZHENG Shunlin. Autotoxicity of water extracts from different organs of potato. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2016, 42(04): 411-418.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2015.09.231    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2016/V42/I04/411

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