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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)  2015, Vol. 41 Issue (5): 616-622    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2015.03.261
农业工程     
番茄钵苗自动移栽钵体物理机械特性试验
梁喜凤, 蔡阳阳, 王永维
1.中国计量学院机电工程学院,杭州310018;
2.浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院,杭州310058;
3.台州市汇科农业机械技术开发有限公司,浙江 台州318050
Experiment on physical and mechanical properties of tomato seedling pot for automatic vegetable transplanter
Liang Xifeng, Cai Yangyang,  Wang Yongwei
(1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; 2.  College  of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;  3. Taizhou Huike Agricultural Machinery Technology Development Company Limited, Taizhou 318050, Zhejiang, China)
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摘要： 蔬菜钵苗钵体的物理机械特性,是设计全自动蔬菜移栽机取苗机构、栽植器等关键部件的重要依据。以苗龄为23 d的番茄钵苗为试验对象,利用Instron 5543万能试验机对其进行平板压缩、穿刺和蠕变试验,并随机选取30株钵苗进行500 mm高度的散落试验。研究表明:钵体受压时其抗压力与变形关系为非线性变化,钵体屈服点的抗压力为3.15 N,取苗机构设计时取苗夹取力要超过钵体屈服点的抗压力;钵体穿刺初期穿刺力与位移呈近似线性关系,随着变形的增加穿刺力在一定范围内保持不变,钵体穿刺后期穿刺力显著增加;钵体蠕变特性符合Burgers模型的蠕变规律,在加载力为5 N、保持时间为120 s条件下钵体的平均蠕变量为0.398 9 mm;钵体散落试验显示钵体平均散落率为22.73%,掉落后钵体保持完整,满足机械栽植要求。
Abstract: China is the largest country of vegetable production in the world, and more than 60% vegetable varieties are planted by seedling transplanting, which mainly depends on manual work. However, there are some shortcomings in the traditional manual transplanting, such as high labor intensity, low productivity, poor quality and high cost. It is necessary to do some researches on the vegetable transplanters to adapt to the requirements of the mechanization of agricultural production. Currently, the domestic vegetable transplanters are mainly clip-chain transplanter, seedling guide tube transplanter, nacelle-type transplanter and flexible disc transplanter. The transplanters can meet the basic seedling transplanting requirements,  but still stays in the semi-mechanization level. The research work of the vegetable transplanter is  mainly focused on the design and optimization of the seedling picking and transplanting mechanism. However, automatic vegetable transplanter needs integrated knowledge and technology, the research on which should also combine the structural design with the physical and mechanical properties of vegetable seedling pot. Thus, it will be helpful for further optimal design of the key components of automatic vegetable transplanter, such as the picking seedling mechanism and the transplanting mechanism. Tomato seedlings with the age of 23 d were used as experiment objects. The physical and mechanical properties of the tomato seedling pot have been tested and analyzed, which were directly related to the transplanting machine design. Tablet compression of seedling pot has been done with a universal testing machine Instron 5543 and P100 flat probe. In the experiment, the regular  pressure-deformation was analyzed and the clamping force characteristics of pot during seedling picking were determined. Pot puncture test using a universal testing machine Instron 5543 and P5 cylinder probe has been done to analyze the puncture characteristics of seedling pot during seedling picking. At the same time, to analyze the creep characteristics of seedling pot, creep test has been done using a universal testing machine Instron 5543 and P100 flat probe and combined with the describe of Burgers model. Then a scatter platform with 500 mm height was built and pots were scattered from the platform. The scattering rate of seedling was obtained and the scattering characteristics during transplanting were analyzed. Testing results show that the relationship between the capacity of resistance for compression and deformation was non-linear. The capacity of resistance for compression on yield point was 3.15 N when the deformation of the pot was 5.64 mm, so the picking seedling force should exceed the calculated yield point in the design of picking seedling machinery. In the puncturing process, the relationship between puncturing force and displacement was approximately linear at the displacement of 0 to 13.5 mm, and then it remained constant in the displacement range of 13.5 mm to 19.5 mm , while it increased significantly when the puncturing displacement was greater than 19.5 mm. Seedling pot creep property conformed to the creep law of Burgers model, and the average creep value was 0.398 9 mm in the condition of loading force of 5 N with 120 s  retention time. In the scattering process, the tests showed the average scattering rate of seedling was 22.73%, and the seedling pots kept intact after falling, which met the requirements of mechanical planting. The research results on the physical and mechanical properties of vegetable seedling pot will provide important data for the design on the key components of automatic vegetable transplanters.
出版日期: 2015-09-20
CLC:  S 223.9  
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梁喜凤
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引用本文:

梁喜凤, 蔡阳阳, 王永维. 番茄钵苗自动移栽钵体物理机械特性试验[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2015, 41(5): 616-622.

Liang Xifeng, Cai Yangyang, Wang Yongwei. Experiment on physical and mechanical properties of tomato seedling pot for automatic vegetable transplanter. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2015, 41(5): 616-622.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2015.03.261    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2015/V41/I5/616

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