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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）  2013, Vol. 39 Issue (4): 403-412    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2012.09.181
农业科学     
不同氮肥类型对黄泥田双季稻产量及氮素利用的影响
刘彦伶1,2， 来庆3， 徐旱增4， 张宣1,2 ， 吴良欢1,2*， 顾艳1,2， 何艳1,2， 孔向军5
（1.浙江大学环境与资源学院，环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室，杭州 310058；2.浙江大学环境与资源学院，浙江省亚热带土壤与植物营养重点实验室，杭州 310058；3.杭州市萧山区农业综合开发办公室，浙江 萧山311201；4.金华市婺城区农林局，浙江 金华 321025；5.金华市农业科学研究院，浙江 金华 321017）
Effects of different types of nitrogen fertilizers on grain yield and nitrogen utilization of double-cropping rice in yellow clayey soil
LIU Yanling1,2, LAI Qing3, XU Hanzeng4, ZHANG Xuan1,2, WU Lianghuan1,2*, GU Yan1,2, HE Yan1,2, KONG Xiangjun5
(1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; 2. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; 3. Agricultural Comprehensive Development Office of Xiaoshan, Xiaoshan, Zhejiang 311201, China; 4. Agroforestry Bureau of Jinhua’s Wucheng District, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321025, China; 5. Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua, Zhejiang 321017, China)
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摘要： 采用大田试验，在施氮量为180 kg/hm2氮肥供应下研究不同氮肥类型对黄泥田双季稻产量、干物质及氮素积累量、花后干物质积累量及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明：与不施氮对照（CK）相比，各施氮处理早稻产量增幅77.7%~103.5%，效益增幅7 149~10 648元/hm2，晚稻产量增幅56.4%~72.9%，效益增幅8 055~10 950元/hm2；与普通尿素（prilled urea, PU）习惯施肥（PU 100%）相比，不同缓/控释肥料一次性基施处理在早、晚稻上的表现不一致，在早稻上脲甲醛(ureaformaldehyde, UF)一次性基施（UF 100%）和生化抑制尿素(urea with nitrapyrin, NPU)一次性基施（NPU 100%）处理、晚稻上生化抑制尿素一次性基施（NPU 100%）和70%硫磺树脂双包膜尿素(sulfurpolyester resincoated urea, SPCU)掺混30%普通尿素一次性基施（SPCU 70%+PU 30%）处理能显著提高水稻产量、经济效益和氮肥农学利用率，增幅分别达9.9%、2 281元/hm2和3.7 kg/kg以上，用NPU 100%处理的早稻和晚稻的氮肥利用率显著提高了27.3%和78.3%.从产量、效益和氮肥利用率各方面综合考虑，NPU 100%或UF 100%可作为早稻的适宜施氮模式，NPU 100%或SPCU 70%+PU 30%可作为晚稻的适宜施氮模式，NPU在早、晚稻上的表现均最佳，可在该区域双季稻上推广应用.
关键词： 氮肥类型;  双季稻;  产量;  氮肥利用率    
Abstract: Yellow clayey soil is one type of medium-low yield farmland, while rational applications of nitrogen fertilizer have great significance for enhancing its grain yield. Using controlledrelease fertilizer as basal nitrogen fertilizer, single basal application is an effective way to improve the labor productivity, reduce fertilizing costs, increase farmer income, and also increase the yield and nitrogen use efficiency. However, its fertilizer efficiency is more affected by environment. Therefore, this study aims to look for suitable types and contents of nitrogen fertilizer for the double-cropping rice in yellow clayey soil in Jinqu Basin, and to provide theoretical basis for reforming medium-low yield paddy soil. A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of no nitrogen fertilizer (CK), conventional fertilizer (prilled urea (PU) application of many times) and different types of controlledrelease fertilizer as basal nitrogen fertilizer to single basal application on yield, dry matter and N accumulation, postanthesis dry matter amount and nitrogen utilization of double-cropping rice in yellow clayey soil. The equal amount of nitrogen (N) application with 180 kg/hm2 was used for each fertilizer treatment. The results showed that, compared with CK, nitrogen treatments significantly increased grain yield by 77.7%103.5% on early rice and 56.4%72.9% on late rice, with the profit increased by 7 14910 648 ChineseYuan/hm2 and 8 05510 950 Chinese Yuan/hm2 respectively. Compared with convention fertilizer (PU 100%), all treatments of controlled-release fertilizers as basal nitrogen fertilizer to single basal application had different performance on early and late rice. The grain yield, profit and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency (ANUE) were significantly increased by more than 9.9%, 2 281 Chinese Yuan/hm2, 3.7 kg/kg, respectively, in the treatments of ureaformaldehyde (UF 100%) and urea with nitrapyrin (NPU 100%) on early rice, NPU 100% and 70% sulfur-polyester resin-coated urea (SPCU) mixing 30% prilled urea (SPCU 70% + PU 30%) on late rice. The treatment of NPU 100% also significantly increased nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by 27.3% and 78.3% respectively on early and late rice. In conclusion, under this field experiment conditions, the modes of nitrogen application in the treatments of UF 100% or NPU 100% on early rice, NPU 100% or SPCU 70%+PU 30% on late rice can meet the demand of rice growth when the yield, economic efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency are taken into account. Importantly, the application of NPU showed similar nutritional contribution and economic efficiency on the early and late rice, and should be taken as an available and economic nitrogen fertilizer on double-cropping rice in yellow clayey soil.
Key words: nitrogen fertilizer type    double-cropping rice    grain yield    nitrogen use efficiency
出版日期: 2013-07-20
CLC:  S 143.1  
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刘彦伶
来庆
徐旱增
张宣
吴良欢
顾艳
何艳
孔向军

引用本文:

刘彦伶, 来庆, 徐旱增, 张宣, 吴良欢, 顾艳, 何艳, 孔向军. 不同氮肥类型对黄泥田双季稻产量及氮素利用的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2013, 39(4): 403-412.

LIU Yanling, LAI Qing, XU Hanzeng, ZHANG Xuan, WU Lianghuan, GU Yan, HE Yan, KONG Xiangjun. Effects of different types of nitrogen fertilizers on grain yield and nitrogen utilization of double-cropping rice in yellow clayey soil. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2013, 39(4): 403-412.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2012.09.181    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2013/V39/I4/403

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