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Food Qual Safet
Food Qual Safet  2017, Vol. 1 Issue (1): 61-82    DOI: 10.1093/fqs/fyx004
Reviews     
植物加工副产物抗氧化成分提取的最新进展
Recent advances in extraction of antioxidants from plant by-products processing industries
M. Selvamuthukumaran*, John Shi**
*Department of Food Science and Post Harvest Technology, Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, PO Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia and **Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,93 Stone Road West, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5C9, Canada
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摘要： 植物加工行业中的副产品是生物活性成分尤其抗氧化组分的廉价来源。生物活性组分可以通过传统和非传统提取方法获得。任何传统提取方法的提取效率主要取决于溶剂的选择。传统提取方法的特点是萃取时间长，高纯度萃取溶剂成本高，需大量溶剂蒸发，萃取选择性差及热敏性组分破坏。为克服传统提取方法的局限性，本文引进一些新兴的非传统萃取方式，如超声辅助提取、脉冲电场提取、酶辅助提取、微波辅助萃取、加压溶剂法、超临界流体萃取、加压低极性水提和分子蒸馏等。本文系统探讨了非传统提取方法在抗氧化成分提取上的工业应用，并对不同提取方法的萃取效率进行了对比分析。同传统提取方法相比，非传统萃取方式的优势主要包括提取时间变短，能耗降低，使用有害和昂贵的溶剂减少，同时产率提高。不同萃取方式的相互结合也会影响萃取效率。生物活性组分所带来的经济价值对未来更科学萃取方式的开发具有一定的推动作用。
关键词： 抗氧化组分;  提取;  非传统方法;  植物副产物;  脉冲电场提取;  超声辅助提取    
Abstract: The by-products obtained from plant processing industries are the cheap source of bioactive compounds especially antioxidants. Extraction of bioactive compounds can be obtained by using conventional and non-conventional methods. Extraction efficiency of any conventional method mainly depends on the choice of solvents. The major challenges of conventional extraction are longer extraction time, requirement of costly and high purity solvent, evaporation of the huge amount of solvent, low extraction selectivity, and thermal decomposition of thermolabile compounds. To overcome these limitations of conventional extraction methods, new and promising extraction techniques are introduced. These techniques are referred as non-conventional extraction techniques. Therefore, in this review, some of the most promising techniques such as ultrasound-assisted extraction, pulsed electric field extraction, enzyme-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, pressurized liquid extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, pressurized low-polarity water extraction, and molecular distillation were discussed. The process systems along with industrial applications for non-conventional method of antioxidants extraction were discussed, and the comparative efficacies of different extraction methods were highlighted. Replacing conventional technologies by non-conventional ones for the extraction of valuable compounds from plant by-products processing industries has several advantages, which includes reduction of the processing time, energy consumption, and the uses of harmful and expensive solvents and increase in the extraction yields. Incorporation and development of hybrid methods should be investigated, while considering plant material characteristics and choice of compounds in future. Proper choice of standard methods also influences the measurement of extraction efficiency. The increasing economic significance of bioactive compounds and commodities rich in these bioactive compounds may lead to find out more sophisticated extraction methods in future.
Key words: Antioxidants    Extraction    Non-conventional methods    Plant by-products    Pulsed electric field extraction    Ultrasoundassisted extraction
收稿日期: 2016-10-21 出版日期: 2017-03-26
通讯作者: M.Selvamuthukumaran, Department of Food Science and Post Harvest Technology, Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, PO Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.     E-mail: msm_foodscience@yahoo.co.in
作者简介: M.Selvamuthukumaran, Department of Food Science and Post Harvest Technology, Institute of Technology, Haramaya University, PO Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
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M. Selvamuthukumaran, John Shi. Recent advances in extraction of antioxidants from plant by-products processing industries. Food Qual Safet, 2017, 1(1): 61-82.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/fqs/CN/10.1093/fqs/fyx004    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/fqs/CN/Y2017/V1/I1/61

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