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FITEE
Front. Inform. Technol. Electron. Eng.  2015, Vol. 16 Issue (3): 217-226    DOI: 10.1631/FITEE.1400187
    
A slotted floor acquisition multiple access based MAC protocol for underwater acoustic networks with RTS competition
Liang-fang Qian, Sen-lin Zhang, Mei-qin Liu
College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Abstract  Long propagation delay, limited bandwidth, and high bit error rate pose great challenges in media access control (MAC) protocol design for underwater acoustic networks. A MAC protocol called slotted floor acquisition multiple access (slotted-FAMA) suitable for underwater acoustic networks is proposed and analyzed. This FAMA based protocol adds a time slot mechanism to avoid DATA packet collisions. However, slotted-FAMA is not suitable for dense networks since the multiple request-to-send (RTS) attempts problem in dense networks is serious and greatly limits the network throughput. To overcome this drawback, this paper proposes a slotted-FAMA based MAC protocol for underwater acoustic networks, called RC-SFAMA. RC-SFAMA introduces an RTS competition mechanism to keep the network from high frequency of backoff caused by the multiple RTS attempts problem. Via the RTS competition mechanism, useful data transmission can be completed successfully when the situation of multiple RTS attempts occurs. Simulation results show that RC-SFAMA increases the network throughput efficiency as compared with slotted-FAMA, and minimizes the energy consumption.

Key words： Underwater acoustic networks      Medium access control (MAC)      Request-to-send (RTS) competition      Throughput      Energy consumption     
Received: 16 May 2014      Published: 04 March 2015
CLC:  TP393.0  
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Liang-fang Qian
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Mei-qin Liu
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Liang-fang Qian, Sen-lin Zhang, Mei-qin Liu. A slotted floor acquisition multiple access based MAC protocol for underwater acoustic networks with RTS competition. Front. Inform. Technol. Electron. Eng., 2015, 16(3): 217-226.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/xueshu/fitee/10.1631/FITEE.1400187     OR     http://www.zjujournals.com/xueshu/fitee/Y2015/V16/I3/217


基于RTS竞争机制的声通信网络slotted-FAMA协议研究

目的：针对水声信道特点，设计适用于水下环境的高效节能的水声通信网络MAC层协议。
创新点：在传统slotted-FAMA协议基础上，引入RTS竞争机制，克服多RTS尝试问题，大幅度提高网络吞吐量并降低网络能耗。
方法：首先，讨论水声通信网络slotted-FAMA协议存在的多RTS尝试问题。指出该问题严重制约了网络性能。然后，提出克服该问题的方法，提出新的MAC协议，RC-SFAMA（图3）。该协议在RTS/CTS握手环节中引入RTS竞争机制。当多RTS尝试问题发生时，各节点利用RTS数据包中的C-number进行RTS竞争来争夺信道使用权。竞争获胜的节点可以继续进行有效数据的传输而失败节点则推迟其数据传输以避免冲突产生。通过竞争机制，当多RTS尝试问题发生时，仍有有效数据得以传输并不会造成冲突，从而克服了这一问题，实现网络吞吐量大幅度提高以及网络能耗的降低。
结论：针对slotted-FAMA存在多RTS尝试问题，提出解决办法，提高网络吞吐量并降低网络能耗。

关键词： 水声通信网络,  MAC层协议,  RTS竞争,  网络吞吐量,  能耗 
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