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浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)  2022, Vol. 52 Issue (4): 105-116    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-942X.CN33-6000/C.2021.10.111
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新发现颜真卿撰《康阿义屈达干墓志》释证
胡可先
浙江大学 中国语言文学系,浙江 杭州 310058
The Expounding of the Newly Excavated Epitaph of Kang Ayi Kül Tarkan Written by Yan Zhenqing
Hu Kexian
Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China

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摘要 新发现的颜真卿撰《康阿义屈达干墓志》是一方唐代突厥世族的粟特人墓志。康阿义屈达干是安史之乱前后的重要人物,他的一生关联着唐代两个最大的政治动乱,对唐王朝而言,他是外族忠臣的代表。《康阿义屈达干墓志》记述的康氏的名字和族源,涉及突厥内乱与康氏归朝、康氏与安史之乱、康氏与代宗幸陕等重大历史事件与民族问题。颜真卿为康氏撰写墓志与康氏之子康没野波在平原之战中保全颜真卿有关。
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胡可先
关键词 康阿义屈达干突厥粟特柳城安史之乱代宗幸陕颜真卿    
Abstract:In the first half of 2021, the Art and Archaeology Museum of Zhejiang University put on a display called “Immortal Inscriptions: Calligraphy, Duplicates, and Derivative Civilization”, in which the newly excavated epitaph of Kang Ayi Kül Tarkan, a Sogdian and a Türk noble, was exhibited. Kang Ayi Kül Tarkan was an important character in the An-Shi Rebellion, related to the two biggest political insurrections in Tang Dynasty.The epitaph is relevant to decisive outcomes related to race, nation, and politics in the Tang Dynasty, as Kang Ayi Kül Tarkan was seen as a loyal foreign courtier. This paper focuses on three aspects reflected in the epitaph.Firstly, that Kang Ayi Kül Tarkan was born as Türk noble, becoming the prime minister of the Türk Mochuo Khaganate. He became an official in the Tang Dynasty after the Türk Khaganate ended because of internal warfare. Therefore, the epitaph reflects the history of inner unrest in Türk.Secondly, special circumstances exist in Kang Ayi Kül Tarkan’s name and the origin of his family. Kang Ayi Kül Tarkan took the Türk diplomatic title Tarkan as part of his name, revealing full emotional identification with Türk, as well as the connections between Türk and Sogdiana, while the origin of Kang’s family is an issue of the Kang’s family in Western Regions, the twelve clans in Türk, Liucheng, and the Northern barbarian tribes.Thirdly, Kang Ayi Kül Tarkan was a significant figure around An-Shi Rebellion. After paying allegiance to Tang, Kang was so brave that he was praised by An Lushan, accepted as an An’s subordinate with the permission of Tang Xuanzong. When An-Shi Rebellion erupted, Kang with his four sons ran the risk of being murdered, making a switch to Suzong, consequently received commendations. Accordingly, it is a typical instance that An Lushan’s subordinate came over to the Tang court.Moreover, Kang with his sons escorted Daizong to Shanzhou, reflecting the special choice of a loyal foreign official. It helps to develop the study of the historical case that Daizong returned to Changan successfully after fleeing to Shanzhou.Finally, Yan Zhenqing, a temporary minister of the Tang prosecution and punishment department, wrote the epitaph as a consequence of being saved by Kang Ayi Kül Tarkan’s son Kang Moyebo in the Pingyuan Battle. Yan Zhenqing was also a distinguished writer in the Prosperous and Mid Tang Dynasty, endowing tremendous literary value to the epitaph. Furthermore, Kang’s tablet was also written by Yan, his epitaph being a supplement to the historical materials of the An-Shi Rebellion.
Key wordsKang Ayi Kül Tarkan    Türk    Sogdiana    liucheng    An-Shi Rebellion    Daizong fled to Shanzhou    Yan Zhenqing   
收稿日期: 2021-10-11     
基金资助:国家社会科学基金重大项目(14ZDB065)
作者简介: 胡可先(https://orcid.org.cn/0000-0002-5023-2411),男,浙江大学中国语言文学系教授,浙江大学求是特聘教授,博士生导师,文学博士,主要从事唐宋文学研;
引用本文:   
胡可先. 新发现颜真卿撰《康阿义屈达干墓志》释证[J]. 浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版), 2022, 52(4): 105-116. Hu Kexian. The Expounding of the Newly Excavated Epitaph of Kang Ayi Kül Tarkan Written by Yan Zhenqing. JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY, 2022, 52(4): 105-116.
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https://www.zjujournals.com/soc/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-942X.CN33-6000/C.2021.10.111     或     https://www.zjujournals.com/soc/CN/Y2022/V52/I4/105
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