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浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)  2018, Vol. 4 Issue (6): 60-    DOI:
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赫费的技术思想探析
沈国琴
An Analysis of H?ffe's View on Technology
Shen Guoqin

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摘要 赫费的技术哲学承续和充实了西方特别是德国技术哲学的研究成果,对技术的特质进行了多层次剖析:技术对人具有隐性作用,它以帮助人超越自我及创造自我为指归;强化技术的伦理意识,构建一种完善的技术伦理评价机制,能遏制技术对社会的负面效应,有效地实现与完善技术所具有的善的功能;技术是解蔽人的存在之方式,能使人领悟自身的生存意义。技术的正义责任在于提升人的生存能力,拓展自身的主体性;技术的进步为奢侈创造了条件,奢侈又是技术发展的隐性动力,两者间存在一种良性的互动关系。
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关键词 赫费 技术 技术伦理 人的生存 奢侈    
Abstract:Germany is the birthplace of technological philosophy. In the long historical process, the study of German technological philosophy has formed several directions and a number of famous technological philosophers have emerged. The Chinese academic community has carried out some research on them. H?ffe is an influential contemporary German philosopher. Chinese scholars have mainly studied his political philosophy and moral philosophy. So far, no one has studied his technological philosophy. This paper intends to fill this gap by analyzing H?ffe's technological philosophy with a combination of hermeneutics and comparative philosophy: Firstly, on the basis of studying the classic works of H?ffe's technological philosophy, the roots and appeals of his technological philosophy are examined and traced. Secondly, through a comparative investigation of H?ffe and other German technological philosophers, the theoretical origin and characteristics of H?ffe's technological philosophy are revealed. The core ideas of H?ffe's technological philosophy, condensed in this paper, are mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. In his reflection on the concept of "technology", he agrees with the ideas of ancient Greek philosophers, especially German technological philosophers, that technology is supported by knowledge and aims for purpose. But being not limited to this, he focuses more on rethinking technology from the perspective of the fact that technology is an effective way of self-realization and self-transcendence. He emphasizes that technology enables people to constantly trace back to their former selves, release their potential, and ultimately achieve themselves.  2. Different from the synchronic study of technological ethics conducted by most German philosophers, H?ffe uses diachronic research methods to examine the relationship between technology and ethics, and proposes five stages of ethics in the development of science and technology. He points out that the development of science and technology requires a continuous dialogue with philosophical ethics to avoid splitting technological ethics from reality. At the same time, he stresses that only by continuously availing ourselves of value rationality so as to correct the instrumental rationality of technology can we ensure that technology effectively serves human progress as well as social and cultural development. This is also the value of technological philosophy. 3. H?ffe agrees with many German technological philosophers that the relationship between technology and human existence can be examined from the perspective of anthropology. In addition, he discusses this issue from the following four dimensions: First, the means of uncovering: technology is the place where the meaning of human existence can be clarified by itself. Second, the attribute of nature: the two attributes of nature, namely the attribute of lack and that of destruction, threaten human existence. Each relationship between man and nature is branded with technology. Third, the responsibility for justice in existence: humans should rely on technology at their own discretion to develop a capacity to sustain production. Fourth, the relationship between man and nature: people should take ethical principles as the guide and use technology rationally, ensuring that the other nature created by the means of technology lives in harmony with innate nature. 4. H?ffe divides luxury into two kinds: quantitative luxury and qualitative luxury. The former refers to squandering, while the latter is the high-quality life he admires. He emphasizes that there is a benign interaction between technology and luxury and advocates using technology to promote people's rational pursuit of luxury. H?ffe's technological philosophy provides a new source of thought and a theoretical basis for people to gain an understanding of the essential and eternal nature of technology.
Key wordsOtfried Hoffe    technology    technical ethics    human survival    luxury   
    
引用本文:   
沈国琴. 赫费的技术思想探析[J]. 浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版), 2018, 4(6): 60-. Shen Guoqin. An Analysis of H?ffe's View on Technology. JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY, 2018, 4(6): 60-.
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https://www.zjujournals.com/soc/CN/     或     https://www.zjujournals.com/soc/CN/Y2018/V4/I6/60
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