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浙江大学学报（理学版）
Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition)  2023, Vol. 50 Issue (4): 465-471    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2023.04.010
Physics     
Capacitor theory and triboelectric nanogenerator
Pinshu RUI(),Dongpeng LI
School of Physics and Materials Engineering，Hefei Normal University，Hefei 230601，China
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Abstract  

In this paper, we first study the capacitance and energy of the capacitor when the dielectric surface inside the capacitor is charged. The results show that the capacitance and energy formula in this case are in the same form as that depicted in traditional capacitance theory, but the charge of the capacitor needs to be modified according to the charge of the dielectric surface. Then we use the capacitance theory to study the output performance of the contact-separation mode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). It is found that the final stable output of the contact-separation mode TENG is different from the output of the initial short time. Through theoretical deduction and numerical calculation, the electric quantity, voltage and current of contact-separation mode TENG are obtained. Finally, we analyze the charge transfer process of TENG in detail based on the theoretical calculation results. That is, when the external resistance can not be ignored, the electrode charge has a certain hysteresis effect relative to the electrode position. Our results not only generalize the capacitance theory, but also improve the working principle of TENG.

Key words： capacitance      triboelectric nanogenerator      theoretical analysis      numerical calculation     
Received: 17 March 2022      Published: 17 July 2023
CLC:  O 441  
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Pinshu RUI
Dongpeng LI
Cite this article:

Pinshu RUI,Dongpeng LI. Capacitor theory and triboelectric nanogenerator. Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition), 2023, 50(4): 465-471.

URL:

https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/EN/Y2023/V50/I4/465


电容器理论与摩擦纳米发电机

研究了当电容器内的电介质表面带电荷时电容器的电容和储能，得到二者在形式上与传统电容器完全相同，但所带电量需根据介质表面所带电量进行修正。利用电容理论研究了接触分离式摩擦纳米发电机（triboelectric nanogenerator，TENG）的输出性能，经理论推导和数值计算，得到了接触分离式TENG的电量、电压与输出电流。最后根据理论计算结果详细讨论了TENG的电荷转移过程。研究不仅推广了电容相关理论，而且完善了对TENG工作原理的描述。


关键词： 电容,  摩擦纳米发电机,  理论分析,  数值计算 
Fig.1 Expansion model of parallel plate capacitor
Fig.2 Contact-separation TENG model
Fig.3 State parameters of contact-separation TENG at any time
Fig.4 Electric charge for the electrode of TENG under external resistance R=107 Ω
Fig.5 Output current of TENG under external resistance R=107 Ω
Fig.6 Electric charge for the electrode of TENG under external resistance R=0
Fig.7 Output current of TENG under external resistance R=0
Fig.8 Open circuit voltage of TENG
Fig.9 Electric charge for the electrode of TENG via different external resistance RElectric charge in multiple periods for the main picture and for the illustration when the two poles touch eath other.
Fig.10 Charge transfer of TENG when resistance R is small
Fig.11 Charge transfer of TENG when resistance R is large
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