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浙江大学学报(理学版)  2024, Vol. 51 Issue (3): 336-346    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2024.03.012
数学与计算机科学     
具有免疫效力的计算机病毒传播模型的动力学分析和优化控制研究
陈维,何剑,刘毅()
中北大学 仪器与电子学院,山西 太原 030051
Kinetic analysis and optimal control of computer virus transmission model with immune function
Wei CHEN,Jian HE,Yi LIU()
School of Instrument and Electronics,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China
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摘要:

信息时代计算机病毒的传播、爆发对社会生产和人民生活造成严重影响,有效预防和抑制计算机病毒传播尤为重要。结合最优控制方法,建立了一种具有免疫效力的计算机病毒传播模型。由下一代矩阵方法求得基本再生数R0,并证明了无病平衡点的全局稳定性,通过敏感性分析找到对R0敏感的参数;构建了Liapunov函数,证明了当R01时无病平衡点的全局稳定性;基于庞特里亚金最值原理得到最优解。用数值模拟方法对不同控制措施下的结果进行对比分析,结果表明,在及时检测并隔离被感染计算机并提高杀毒软件的安装率和保护率的情况下,控制目标的时间最短且控制成本最低。

关键词: 计算机病毒动力学分析最优控制敏感性分析免疫功能    
Abstract:

The spread and outbreak of computer viruses in the information age have had a huge impact on social production and people's lives, and it is particularly important to effectively prevent and suppress the spread of computer viruses. In this paper, a computer virus propagation model with immune function is established making use of the optimal control method. It obtains the basic reproduction number R0 based on the method of the next generation matrix; It builds the Liapunov function, and proves the condition of the global stability of the disease-free equilibrium point when R01; The optimal solution is obtained based on Pontryagin's principle of maximum value. Numerical simulation results show that the optimal control model can detect and deal with infected computers while improving the installation and protection rate of antivirus software, and the control target time is the shortest and the control cost is the lowest.

Key words: computer virus    kinetic analysis    optimal control    sensitivity analysis    immune function
收稿日期: 2023-03-23 出版日期: 2024-05-07
CLC:  TP 309.5  
基金资助: 国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFFO301802);山西省留学基金项目(2020-112);山西省高等学校科技新计划项目(2020L0268);山西省基础研究计划项目(20210302124390)
通讯作者: 刘毅     E-mail: liuyi_bs@nuc.edu.cn
作者简介: 陈维(1999—),ORCID:https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0415-8633,男,硕士研究生,主要从事计算机安全与图像处理研究.
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引用本文:

陈维,何剑,刘毅. 具有免疫效力的计算机病毒传播模型的动力学分析和优化控制研究[J]. 浙江大学学报(理学版), 2024, 51(3): 336-346.

Wei CHEN,Jian HE,Yi LIU. Kinetic analysis and optimal control of computer virus transmission model with immune function. Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition), 2024, 51(3): 336-346.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2024.03.012        https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/Y2024/V51/I3/336

图1  计算机病毒传播流程
参数描述
A常数输入
β1感染后无症状计算机的传染率系数
β2感染后有症状计算机的传染率系数
ε杀毒软件对计算机的保护率
σ计算机中杀毒软件的卸载率
α易感计算机杀毒软件的安装率
?潜伏期计算机的病毒感染率
θ被感染计算机从无症状到有症状的速率
μ感染后有症状计算机的隔离率
δ被隔离计算机的恢复率
ω感染后无症状的计算机被及时发现并处理的恢复率
γ已恢复计算机变为易感计算机的速率
d计算机的自然断网率
表1  模型1参数
图2  R0与参数之间的敏感性分析
图3  无最优控制的情况
图4  及时检测被感染计算机并进行隔离处理的情况
图5  提高杀毒软件的安装率和保护率的情况
图6  考虑所有控制的情况
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