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浙江大学学报(理学版)  2024, Vol. 51 Issue (2): 212-219    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2024.02.010
地球科学     
非洲西海岸里奥-德雷盆地泥底辟平面地质结构特征研究
廖天奇1,姚泽伟1,2()
1.浙江大学 地球科学学院 浙江省地学大数据与地球深部资源重点实验室,浙江 杭州 310058
2.浙江工业大学 土木工程学院,浙江 杭州 310023
Study on the planar structure characteristics of mud diapirs in Rio del Rey basin, West Coast of Africa
Tianqi LIAO1,Zewei YAO1,2()
1.Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resources of Zhejiang Province,School of Earth Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China
2.College of Civil Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China
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摘要:

位于西非尼日尔三角洲盆地东缘的里奥-德雷盆地发育了大规模泥底辟,其活动时间和形成机理存在一定争议。基于对里奥-德雷盆地三维地震剖面的精细解释和平面成图,对其中中新世Nguti构造层顶面的泥底辟平面分布特征进行了重新厘定。结果表明:(1)Nguti构造层顶面的泥底辟可分为北部隐伏区、中部刺穿区和南部刺穿区;(2)北部隐伏区的泥底辟形成于Nguti构造层沉积前,是受早期沉积作用控制的被动泥底辟;中部刺穿区的泥底辟形成于上新世S0构造层沉积前,是受重力构造作用控制的主动泥底辟;南部刺穿区的泥底辟形成于Nguti构造层沉积后,是受重力构造前缘逆冲断层控制的逆冲泥底辟;(3)泥底辟整体上为向南凸出的舌状体,分东、西两段,西段为北北西-北西走向,东段为北北东-北东走向。

关键词: 泥底辟里奥-德雷盆地尼日尔三角洲大西洋    
Abstract:

The Rio del Rey basin, located in the eastern margin of the Niger Delta Basin in West Africa, develops large-scale mud diapirs. There are some disputes about the activity time and mechanism of the diapirs. Based on the detailed interpretation and mapping of the 3D seismic profile of the Rio del Rey basin, the distribution characteristics of the mud diapir on the top surface of the Miocene Nguti structural layer are redefined. The results show that: (1) mud diapir on the top of the Nguti structural layer can be divided into the northern buried area, the central pierced area, and the southern pierced area; (2) the mud diapir in the northern buried area was formed before the deposition of the Nguti structural layer, and was a passive mud diapir controlled by early sedimentation. The mud diapir in the central pierced area was formed before the deposition of the Pliocene S0 structural layer, and was an active mud diapir developed under the action of gravity sliding structures. The mud diapir in the southern pierced area was formed after the deposition of the Nguti structural layer, and was a thrust mud diapir controlled by thrust structures at the front edge of the gravity structure; (3) the mud diapir as a whole is a tongue shaped body protruding southward, divided into two segments: the west segment along a NNW-NW direction, and the east segment along a NNE-NE direction.

Key words: mud diapirs    Rio del Rey basin    Niger delta    Atlantic Ocean
收稿日期: 2022-11-14 出版日期: 2024-03-08
CLC:  P 618.13  
基金资助: 国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05033-002)
通讯作者: 姚泽伟     E-mail: zealway@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 廖天奇(1997—),ORCID:https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5704-7190,男,硕士研究生,主要从事盆地构造研究.
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引用本文:

廖天奇,姚泽伟. 非洲西海岸里奥-德雷盆地泥底辟平面地质结构特征研究[J]. 浙江大学学报(理学版), 2024, 51(2): 212-219.

Tianqi LIAO,Zewei YAO. Study on the planar structure characteristics of mud diapirs in Rio del Rey basin, West Coast of Africa. Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition), 2024, 51(2): 212-219.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2024.02.010        https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/Y2024/V51/I2/212

图1  尼日尔三角洲及里奥-德雷盆地构造位置
图2  里奥-德雷盆地地层综合柱状图(据文献[24]修改)

泥底辟

编号

分布

位置

延伸长度

/km

宽度

/km

最大高度

/km

走向刺穿层位主要活动时间
1北部2.01.0~1.40.6OongueOongue沉积后至Isongo沉积前
2北部1.90.6~1.70.7OongueOongue沉积后至Nguti沉积前
3北部2.10.5~1.30.9IsongoOongue沉积后至Nguti沉积前
4北部2.50.5~1.21.2北西西IsongoOongue沉积后至Isongo沉积前
5北部3.40.8~1.10.5北东东OongueOongue沉积后至Nguti沉积前
6北部4.60.5~1.00.5北东东未刺穿Oongue沉积后至Isongo沉积前
7北部5.10.8~1.73.6北东东IsongoOongue沉积后至Isongo沉积前
8中部7.01.0~2.42.9北西NgutiOongue沉积后至S0沉积前
9中部4.20.9~1.72.6北北西NgutiOongue沉积后至S0沉积前
10中部18.20.5~2.32.8北北西NgutiOongue沉积后至S0沉积前
11中部3.30.4~0.62.7北东东NgutiOongue沉积后至S0沉积前
12中部5.00.6~0.92.5北北东NgutiOongue沉积后至S0沉积前
13中部16.31.2~1.53.1北北西NgutiOongue沉积后至S0沉积前
14中部19.00.8~1.43.1北北西NgutiOongue沉积后至S0沉积前
15中部14.10.7~1.52.8北北东NgutiOongue沉积后至S0沉积前
16中部12.10.4~1.54.3北北东海底Oongue沉积后至今
17中部13.51.4~2.51.7北东NgutiOongue沉积后至 S0沉积前
18南部5.30.8~2.04.1北西S0Nguti沉积后至S0沉积后
19南部2.80.5~1.03.8北东东S5Nguti沉积后至S0沉积前
20南部3.11.0~1.43.6北东东S5Nguti沉积后至S0沉积前
21南部2.21.0~1.23.0北东东NgutiNguti沉积后至S5沉积前
22南部1.80.8~1.02.8北东NgutiNguti沉积后至S5沉积前
23南部3.01.0~1.42.4北东NgutiNguti沉积后至S5沉积前
24南部5.31.0~2.82.6北东S5Nguti沉积后至S0沉积前
25南部3.71.2~3.02.5北东NgutiNguti沉积后至S5沉积前
表1  里奥-德雷盆地泥底辟特征
图3  里奥-德雷盆地Nguti构造层顶泥底辟分布及区带划分(断层分布据文献[12]修改)
图4  里奥-德雷盆地北部隐伏区泥底辟地震十字剖面(剖面位置见图3)
图5  里奥-德雷盆地南部刺穿区泥底辟地震十字剖面(剖面位置见图3)
图6  里奥-德雷盆地北西向地震剖面(剖面位置见图3)
图7  里奥-德雷盆地泥底辟成因演化模式
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