基于水足迹的嘉兴市农业产业结构优化模型

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2022.05.013

浙江大学学报（理学版）

2022, Vol. 49

Issue (5): 613-622 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2022.05.013

环境科学

基于水足迹的嘉兴市农业产业结构优化模型

秦智雅¹(

),俞洁²,孙国金³,王飞儿^1,⁴(

)

^1.浙江大学环境与资源学院，浙江杭州 310058
^2.浙江省环境监测中心，浙江杭州 310012
^3.浙江水利水电学院，浙江杭州 310018
^4.浙江生态文明研究院，浙江安吉 313300

Optimization model of agricultural industrial structure in Jiaxing city based on water footprint

Zhiya QIN¹(

),Jie YU²,Guojin SUN³,Feier WANG^1,⁴(

)

^1.College of Environmental and Resource Sciences，Zhejiang University，Hangzhou 310058，China
^2.Zhejiang Environmental Monitoring Center，Hangzhou 310012，China
^3.Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power，Hangzhou 310018，China
^4.Zhejiang Ecological Civilization Academy，Anji 313300，Zhejiang Province，China

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摘要：

农业产业结构是决定农业用水效率的重要因素之一。相较于传统用水评价，基于水足迹的评价能更全面地反映水资源的过程消耗。在对嘉兴市农业蓝水、绿水及灰水足迹核算基础上，用农业水资源压力指数（AWSI）评估区域农业用水压力，构建了基于水足迹的农业产业结构优化模型，分析了节水型、均衡型和发展型3种农业产业结构调整情景。结果表明，嘉兴市农业水足迹以绿水为主，蓝水足迹、绿水足迹和灰水足迹的占比分别为11.6%，51.7%和36.8%，AWSI为0.45，存在较高的水资源压力；通过调整产业结构，3种目标情景下的农业水足迹及经济效益均实现了不同程度优化，AWSI分别降低4.54%，3.89%和0.74%，有效减轻区域水资源压力。研究表明，通过基于水足迹的农业产业结构调整，有效提高了区域集约化用水效率，减轻了用水压力。研究可为农业水资源管理决策提供参考。

关键词： 农业水足迹; 产业调整; 多目标优化

Abstract:

The structure of agricultural industry is an important factor that determines the efficiency of agricultural water use. Compared with traditional water use evaluation, water footprint reflects the process consumption of water resources more comprehensively. Based on the accounting of water footprints of agricultural blue water, green water and grey water in Jiaxing city, an optimization model of agricultural production structure based on water footprints was developed. The utilization status of water resource for agriculture was evaluated with the agricultural water resources stress index (AWSI). And the scenario analysis of Jiaxing agricultural industrial structure adjustment was conducted. The results showed that the majority of agricultural water footprints of Jiaxing were green water footprints. The proportion of blue, green and grey water footprints in the total water footprint was 11.6%, 51.7% and 36.8%, respectively. The AWSI showed that there was a high pressure on agricultural water resources with the value of 0.45. Under the three target scenarios of water-saving, balanced use and development, the agricultural water footprint and economic benefits could be optimized by industrial structure adjustment. The AWSI of these scenarios reduced by 4.54%, 3.89% and 0.74%, respectively, alleviating the regional water resources pressure. These results showed that the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure based on water footprint effectively improved the efficiency of intensive water use and reduced the regional water pressure. The research can provide reference for agricultural water resources management decision-making.

Key words: agricultural water footprint industry adjustment multi-objective optimization model

收稿日期: 2021-05-31 出版日期: 2022-09-14

CLC:

X 321

基金资助: 国家重大科技专项(2017ZX07206-001);浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGF19E090001)

通讯作者: 王飞儿 E-mail: 21714054@zju.edu.cn;wangfeier@zju.edu.cn

作者简介: 秦智雅（1995—），ORCID：https：//orcid.org/0000-0001-9332-9611，女，硕士研究生，主要从事环境规划管理研究，E-mail： 21714054@zju.edu.cn.

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引用本文:

秦智雅,俞洁,孙国金,王飞儿. 基于水足迹的嘉兴市农业产业结构优化模型[J]. 浙江大学学报（理学版）, 2022, 49(5): 613-622.

Zhiya QIN,Jie YU,Guojin SUN,Feier WANG. Optimization model of agricultural industrial structure in Jiaxing city based on water footprint. Journal of Zhejiang University (Science Edition), 2022, 49(5): 613-622.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2022.05.013 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/Y2022/V49/I5/613

表1 嘉兴市主要农作物单位质量灰水足迹

图1 农作物单位质量水足迹计算流程

表2 嘉兴市主要畜牧渔产品单位质量蓝水、绿水足迹

表3 3种典型情景的判断矩阵和权重

图2 2017年嘉兴市农业水足迹构成

表4 3种调控情景的目标结果变化

图3 嘉兴市农业结构调整方案变化情况

表5 嘉兴市各地区调控目标变化率

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