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, Volume 22 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue
Research on product conceptual design based on biological-technological characteristic analogy
JIA Li-zhen, LIU Wei, TAN Run-hua,CAO Guo-zhong
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 301-308.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-|754X.2015.04.001
Abstract( 124 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(2216KB)( 5 )
Analogy-based design (ABD) is a kind of method to apply design knowledge from other field into the target field and can enhance innovation efficiency effectively. From the respect of source knowledge, ABD was divided into three types that was based on man-made system, based on bionic system and based on rules. This paper focused on the second type and provided a formal method to describe biological and technical function based on general attribute and general operations. Two general characteristic sets of attribute and operation respectively were summarized, a computational method to measure the similar degree and a process to transform biological prototype into technical system were proposed. Lastly a new product called physical cooler, which was an instrument for measuring and cooling infant temperature, was taken as an example to further demonstrate the former method.
Research on the machine tool selection optimization method based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive assessment
ZHENG Yao-hui, HU Fu-hong, WANG Ming-hai, WANG Xiao-yan
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 405-411.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.001
Abstract( 1280 )   HTML( 2 )     PDF(1249KB)( 781 )
To provide evidence for enterprises to choose the best machine tool, the constraint factors affect machine tool selection optimization was analyzed and the multi-objects optimization model for machine tool selection was built with a two-stage structure and with five optimization objects include processing time T, processing quality Q, processing cost C, resources consumption R and environment impact E. Because the traditional analytic hierarchy process (AHP) did not take the fuzziness of engineers′ subjective assessment and index attributes into consideration during the construction of machine tool selection optimization judgment matrix, the reliability and accuracy of machine tool selection optimization were reduced.The algorithm of solving machine tool selection optimization was put forward and designed, based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and fuzzy comprehensive assessment (FCA). The data were standardized by membership function during the process of assessment standardizing .A case in a machine tool selection optimization of blade tenon milling by an aviation manufacturing enterprises was studied and its feasibility and validity was proved in the machine tool selection optimization.
Research on process of generating NDI ideas for products driven by design and resources
GUO Jing,TAN Run-hua,SUN Jian-guang,CAO Guo-zhong
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 309-316.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006\|754X.2015.04.002
Abstract( 77 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(2659KB)( 7 )
Product innovation includes three stages, fuzzy-front end, new product development and commercialization. The generation of innovative idea is a key step in the fuzzy-front end stage. In order to provide technical support for enterprises to develop products of new-market disruptive innovation (NDI), a process model of generating NDI ideas for fuzzy-front end was proposed according to the creating of new customers and their needs, and it transformed the passive design state into an active state. From the perspective of design-driven innovation, a method of classifying and analyzing the TRIZ resources in super system was provided, and the characteristics of the super-system resources were extracted and transformed, so as that a group of hypothetical customers or a certain hypothetical environment was created and three modes of generating NDI ideas were provided, and then the process model of generating innovative ideas was established. Finally, the generation of NDI ideas of automatic teller machine verified the efficiency of this approach.
Improved modeling method for prediction model of crane load spectrum based on support vector regression machine
LU Feng-yi, WANG Shuang, XU Ge-ning, QI Qi-song
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 412-419.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.002
Abstract( 1400 )   HTML( 1 )     PDF(1333KB)( 749 )
The load spectrum simulation of actual working status is the key factor to solve the problem of crane endurance failure. The precision and robustness of load spectrum predicting have great significance for reliability analysis of crane fatigue fracture and evaluation of its safety life. However, the predicting performance of classic linear regression model is weaker. Compared with other data analysis algorithms, support vector regression machine (SVRM) has excellent performance for small sample and nonlinear properties, including higher prediction accuracy and nice robustness. It can also overcome the difficulty of the curse of dimensionality, local minima and over-fitting and under-fitting for traditional pattern recognition methods. So, accuracy prediction precision and reliability can be obtained by using SVRM. Furthermore, an improved v-SVRM prediction model was established with constructing new kernel function and decision function. The results of engineering application showed that the values of  Er  and of  RMSRE  all the three models (the BP neural network model and the SVRM model and the modified model of  v-SVRM) gradually decreased while the fitting degrees R2 gradually increased. It proves that the modified method has higher prediction precision and nicer robustness and it also provides a new way for obtaining and predicting crane load spectrum.
Fuzzy reliability allocation method for warship armaments based on interval analysis
YANG Chao, DI Peng, CHEN Tong
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 317-323.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006\|754X.2015.04.003
Abstract( 72 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(1239KB)( 0 )
Aiming at problems that there were many factors that had influence on the allocation and some of which were hard to analyze quantitatively in process of warship armaments reliability allocation, a method was proposed based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP), fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and interval analysis. This method employed fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to establish reliability allocation model of system, and designed a flow chart of reliability allocation; eight influence factors were considered, and relative quantitative methods were analyzed, and hierarchical model of reliability allocation was established by AHP. Fuzzy information was expressed by interval number instead of single value, and reliability data of similar products and expert estimation were applied to determine judgment matrix and weight of each influence factor, which achieved the combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. In all, the method had solved the uncertainty in process of reliability allocation for warship armaments. Finally, the application of this method in a warship power system indicated that the method was feasible and effective for the reliability allocation of warship armaments with good operation, and had a good practical significance in engineering.
Design of casting powder adding area rectangular compensation mechanism for casting powder feeder of continuous casting crystallizer
SHU Zhi-wei, CHEN Xin-yuan, DENG Jiang-hong, ZHAN Xiao-hui
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 420-424.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.003
Abstract( 1403 )   HTML( 1 )     PDF(1619KB)( 734 )
The casting powder adding area of the double-rod continuous crystallizer is shaped as fan, and it can't match well with the receiving area. So a new rectangular compensation of powder adding area was put forward to solve this problem. The mathematical model of the compensation was established based on mechanism kinematics. Through the establishment of mathematical model, the cam contour curve equation of the compensation was obtained. The structure was designed and the kinematics of all working condition were simulated in 3D software to verify the correctness of the method. The adding area and receiving area of new type of crystallizer matched well with each other, and it also simplified the transmission structure.
Design and simulation analysis of gripper and thrust hydraulic system for TBM test rig
ZHANG Zhen, GONG Guo-fang, RAO Yun-yi, WU Wei-qiang, LIU Tong
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 324-329.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006\|754X.2015.04.004
Abstract( 96 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(2147KB)( 4 )
A gripper and thrust hydraulic system was proposed based on the Hard Rock Tunnel Boring Machine(TBM) test rig to overcome the problem of high impact in the gripper system and pressure oscillation in the thrust system. Models of hydraulic system in AMESim were established. Pressure response of thrust system under random load was analyzed. The response of gripper system was compared under different diameters of orifice and back pressure values. The results indicated that the thrust system had accurate pressure control, and when the orifice diameter decreased from 3 to 1 mm the output force of piston rod in gripper system did not changed, the system shock mitigated, and the response time increased. Also, with the increasing of back pressure, output force reduced, speed of gripper stabilized and had little influence on pressure response. A system with low impact, stable speed and short response time was obtained when the orifice diameter was 1.5 mm and back pressure value was 7 MPa. The designed hydraulic system can damp the impact, obtain stable speed and shorten response time in gripper system, and realize accurate control of pressure in thrust system.
Gear reliability analysis of 2.5 MW wind turbine gearboxbased on Copula function
CHEN Wen-hua, ZHENG Chao-peng, LI Qi-zhi, PAN Jun, HE Qing-chuan, PAN Xiao-dong
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 425-430.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.004
Abstract( 1542 )   HTML( 1 )     PDF(2241KB)( 710 )
In order to research gear reliability of 2.5 MW wind turbine gearbox considering relativity of contact fatigue and bending fatigue, based on the many years monitoring data of experiment wind load, the Load Duration Distribution (LDD) was determined with the Rain-flow Method. The transmission system model of 2.5 MW wind turbine was obtained based on Romax Designer software. Contact stress and bending stress were calculated by taking LDD into the transmission system model. So the distribution of contact and bending stress were determined with statistic method. Based on the Copula function the gear reliability calculation model which took the correlation of contact and bending fatigue into consideration was determined under the dependency between contact fatigue and bending fatigue with the use of stress-strength interference model. Stress and fatigue strength sampling was generated by Monte Carlo sampling method. Copula function parameter was estimated by Residual Square Sum (RSS) and optimized by MATLAB toolbox. Then each gear fatigue reliability was calculated. It provides the theoretical basis to improve the reliability of 2.5 MW wind turbine gearbox.
Modeling and simulation of synchronous speed control system about electric hydraulic proportional motor
YANG Qian-ming, KONG Ling-qi, LI Jian, WANG Shi-gang, GUO Jian-wei
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 330-336.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006\|754X.2015.04.005
Abstract( 80 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(2533KB)( 5 )
Taking the driving control system of oil boom uncoil and rewound for the ship carrying oil spill recovery machine as the research object, aiming at the problem of synchronous control of dual-motor speed synchronization, the electric-hydraulic proportional valve controlled motor speed synchronous scheme of master-slave based on PLC was proposed. The mathematical model of speed synchronous control system was established and the MATLAB/Simulink software was also used to analyze the stability, the output speed and the speed synchronization error. The PID unit had been introduced into this system for improving the stability and reducing the speed synchronization error. The simulation results showed that the stable performance was improved significantly, the motor output speed stability and the synchronization performance had satisfied design effect after the PID unit being introduced into the system. The synchronous control strategy of master-slave based on PLC is feasible when the demand of synchronous precision is not high.
Fatigue life prediction on drive shaft of tracked vehicle and structure optimization
LIU Zhe, TAO Feng-he, JIA Chang-zhi
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 431-437.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.005
Abstract( 1524 )   HTML( 2 )     PDF(0KB)( 319 )
Drive shaft is an important part in caterpillar, and it is designed with the static strength theory within the limitation of test and experimental conditions. Thus the actual dynamic characteristics of drive shaft cannot be embodied, and it brings difficulty to predict the life of parts with given dynamic loads and results in wide gap between actual life and designed. The virtual running test platform was built based on ADAMS.ATV, and the dynamic load suffered by drive shaft in different working condition was obtained. Then the fatigue life of drive shaft was analyzed with fatigue life prediction model of drive shaft established by MSC.Fatigue, and the structure of drive shaft was improved. The study case proved the new method was feasible to predict fatigue life of drive shaft, and tracked vehicles for fatigue life prediction under complex operating conditions were explored. The study results can widely extended to other engineering domains, and the prospective of analysis method applied in related engineering system is presented.
Dynamic simulation analysis of luffing mechanism in mine hydraulic hoisting machine
CHEN Qing-hua, DONG Chang-shuai, XU Man-man, WANG Kai-song, WANG Chuan-li
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 337-343.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006\|754X.2015.04.006
Abstract( 92 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(2533KB)( 6 )
In order to find out the dynamic characteristic of mine hydraulic hoisting machines' luffing mechanism then to provide a reference for a control and mechanism design of the luffing crane machine, a new type hydraulic mine luffing hoisting machine was studied. Based on the system computation of the luffing crane mechanism on certain working condition, dynamic simulation analysis of luffing mechanism was carried out with ADAMS and equivalent element method. The results showed that angular velocity of lifting arm was stable in initial process of hoisting process, but with the increasing of luffing hydraulic cylinders' drive force, the jump value would suddenly change at some point, and affect the lifting stability. According to this problem, the MATLAB curve fitting function was used to calculate the driving function, then the uniform amplitude driving correction function was developed, through which the start time of angular velocity jumping was delayed and the value reduced as well. At the same time, dangerous working condition was gained through dynamic simulation analysis of luffing cylinder driving force, through which the optimization design of hoisting machine could be more targeted. The method of study can provide a reference for design and optimization of mine hydraulic luffing crane machine.
Design and simulation analysis of hybrid cutterhead driving system for TBM test bed
LIU Tong, GONG Guo-fang, ZHANG Zhen, PENG Zuo, WU Wei-qiang
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 438-444.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.006
Abstract( 1504 )   HTML( 1 )     PDF(2187KB)( 948 )
A hybrid cutterhead driving system combing frequency conversion motor with hydraulic motor was proposed to solve the cutterhead stuck strait of a Hard Rock Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM). Added with a constant value, the speed signal of electronic motor under torque following master slave strategy was used to regulate the displacement of the pump, the redundant fluent venting by the proportional relief valve built proportionally controllable work pressure of the hydraulic motor.The hybrid driving system was founded on the TBM test rig.With the purpose of finding an optimal variable displacement pump control strategy, Load Sensitive Control System (LSCS), Flow Feedback Proportional Control System (FFPCS) and cylinder Displacement Feedback Proportional Control System (DFPCS) were respectively established in AMEsim. The flow and press responses of variable displacement pump under different control strategies indicated that LSCS couldn't track the jump change of speed signal, FFPCS and DFPCS had similar dynamic respond of input signal. Considering the high expense and low reliability of flux transducer, though FFPCS has the advantage of accuracy and efficiency, DFPCS is finally selected to be used in the text rig.
Modeling and simulation analysis of a walking assistant robot for both plane and stair
LIU Juan-xiu, WU Yi-fei, GUO Jian, LI Rui, CHEN Qing-wei
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 344-350.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006\|754X.2015.04.007
Abstract( 85 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(2913KB)( 4 )
Considering the travel inconvenience that the elderly or disabled persons were facing, a multifunctional walking assistant robot for both stair climbing and plaint moving was putting forward, which adopted the foot and wheel patterned structure. The kinematic model was established by R. Morales method, with which the trajectories of robot's center of mass and joint angles during the ascending process were calculated. The dynamic model was established by means of Roberson-Wittenburg method, and the driving torque of each joint was calculated by taking inverse kinematics solutions into the dynamic model. A virtual prototype was developed in ADAMS for kinematic and dynamic simulations. To validate the feasibility of the design and the correctness of the theoretical inference, the simulation results of the trajectory of robot's center of mass and the joint driving torques were compared to the results of MATLAB.
Contact dynamics characteristic analysis on chain transmission system of scraper conveyer
MAO Jun, DONG Xian-rui, XIE Miao, BAI Ya-jing, XIE Chun-xue
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 445-451.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.007
Abstract( 1415 )   HTML( 1 )     PDF(1991KB)( 782 )
The chain transmission system is the most important system of fully mechanized working face scraper conveyor. In order to study the dynamic characteristics of scraper conveyor in the process of operating the chain transmission system, the finite element method was used to establish translational chain model, rotary chain model, and meshing contact model of chain and sprocket while the virtual prototype model was established by 3D modeling software. The contact dynamics characteristics between chain in the start working process and the meshing contact dynamics characteristics between chain and sprocket in the normal working process were analyzed by using the nonlinear finite element software LS-DYNA. The variation of acceleration between links in the start process, the stress variation, and the variation of speed, displacement and stress in the normal process of chain and sprocket meshing were obtained which provided the key design parameters for the key parts of chain wheel transmission system transient dynamics and transmission system components optimization.
Evolutionary topology optimization of damped plates based on multiple modes’ damping ratio
HE Hong-lin, ZHOU Nan-lan, YUAN Wei-dong
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 351-358.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006\|754X.2015.04.008
Abstract( 75 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(3826KB)( 1 )
To develop theoretical instructions for vibration suppression design of damped plates, a topology optimization method for the plates was presented. Firstly, a dynamic equation for a plate was proposed and a FEM solution to the equation was given, so that the plate's modal ratio model could be derived. Then, oriented to maximizing multiple modes' damping ratios, and aimed to make use of damping materials as less as possible and to remain the plate's modal frequency basically unchanged as well, a topology optimization model was built for the plate. Moreover, the modal damping ratio sensitivity was derived, and evolutionary method was employed to solve the optimization model, which used weighted mean of modal ratio sensitivity to determine the elements' deletion, so as to avoid checkerboard layout of damping materials in optimization. Finally, a program was accomplished for optimization, so that simulations could be executed on a quadrilateral plate, which validated the optimization method proposed well. Simulations show that a damping plate can obtain better vibration suppression effects, as long as the damping materials distribution on the plate can make multi-mode damping ratio maximize.
Orientation workspace and global orientation capability analysis of the Gough-Stewart parallel mechanism
LI Bao-kun, GUO Yong-cun, WANG Chuan-li, CAO Yi
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 452-460.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.008
Abstract( 1988 )   HTML( 1 )     PDF(2409KB)( 778 )
Singular configuration seriously affects the performance of the Gough-Stewart parallel mechanism. It is necessary to obtain the distributing chart of the singularity-free workspace of the parallel mechanism, which can guarantee the mechanism to avoid the singularities. Based on the Jacobian matrix, the expression for representing the oriantaion-singularity locus for a given position was constructed. The method for the constraint orientation workspace determination was established by using the inverse displacement analysis. The orientation singularityfree workspace was obtained by synthetically considering the influence of the singularities of the mechanism. The minimal inscribed sphere of the orientation singularityfree workspace boundary was called the practical orientation-capability which was used as the performance index of the practical orientation singularity-free size. The average practical orientation-capability of the all positions inside the position-workspace was defined as the global orientation-capability (GOC), and then the influence of the moving platform's shape and fixed platform's shape on the GOC was studied. The exploration further expands the workspace determination theory of the parallel mechanisms, and the proposed novel performance index called the global orientation capability has important reference value for the structural parameter optimization.
Dynamic characteristic analysis of container crane lifting system with the zigzag-shaped groove drum
LIU Yuan-yuan, ZHANG Qing, QIN Xian-rong, SUN Yuan-tao
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 359-364.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006\|754X.2015.04.009
Abstract( 78 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(1458KB)( 0 )
In order to study the effect of variable winding velocity caused by the zigzag-shaped groove drum on lifting system dynamics, the dynamic model of lifting system with the excitation of variable winding velocity was established. With a lifting system of 40 t container crane as the research object, motion trace equation of the zigzag-shaped groove drum was deducted for ideal winding process to simulate the winding velocity, and analyzed the dynamics of lifting system during acceleration, constant speed, deceleration and stop stage. The displacement response of lifting system and time history of wire rope tension was obtained, and dynamic load coefficient under different phase positions of helix part and amplitudes of variation were calculated. The results showed that drum winding velocity of variation cannot be ignored. The changing trend of wire rope tension was the same with the displacement of the end part at crane's boom, and the high frequency part of tension resulted from the variation of winding velocity. As the phase position of helix part and amplitudes of velocity variation increased, not only the fluctuation amplitude of wire rope tension increased, but also the dynamic load coefficients at different stage became bigger. And the stage that had the max dynamic load coefficient changed from acceleration stage to constant speed stage. The research results lay a foundation for dynamic performance optimizing and reliability design of lifting system of container crane.
Study on injury and fatigue life forecast of gantry crane's girder under rising load
ZHANG Qiang, WANG Hai-jian, HU Nan
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 461-468.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.009
Abstract( 1416 )   HTML( 1 )     PDF(3375KB)( 623 )
In order to study the damage and fatigue life of gantry crane's girder under rising load, the mechanical model of gantry crane's girder was established through the finite element software ANSYS Workbench, the dynamic and static mechanical properties and fatigue damage of girder were analyzed by using fatigue analysis software nsoft, the rain flow counting, the extrapolation superstition of the stress time on load were carried out by using Rainflow module in nCode Glyp Works. The life stress module in nCode GlypWorks was used to calculate the fatigue life and analyze the sensitivity of girder, through which the stress and strain image, superimposed rain flow histogram, girder damage histogram and crack-life relationship curve of gantry crane chassis type girder were got. The results showed that, the maximum equivalent stress positions appeared in the middle or end of the girder, the joints of girder and legs where  were easy to produce fatigue damage; the lifting capacity that more than 40 t would significantly cause the damage of the girder; overloading residual stress and surface roughness had a significant impact on the life of the girder. The simulation results of impact damage are close to the results of calculation which illustrates that the results of impact damage have certain credibility.
Research on control method of advanced supporting equipment in falling process
XIE Miao, LIU Zhi-xiang, MAO Jun, SONG Xi-liang, LI Ai-min
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 365-371.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006\|754X.2015.04.010
Abstract( 68 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(2549KB)( 0 )
Considering the working principle of hydraulic-walking  advanced support equipment, and advanced support during the transition phase in the falling process of actual work, in order to reduce the disturbance when forepoling equipment falling on roof, based on volume average release rule, the relationship between displacement of proportional throttle and time of frame descending process was studied, so as to determine the suitable spool displacement control curve of advanced supported frame descending process. In order to verify the performance of the control methods, it was compared with the straight line, exponential and logarithm curve control methods, and made theoretical analysis and experimental study on its effect. Analysis and experimental results showed that, the control method which was based on volume average release rule could effectively and smoothly unload the support force during the advanced supported frame descending process, achieve the best control effect during the same period of decending, with minimal impact on the roof disturbance, compared with other control methods. This control method provided the theoretical basis for advanced supporting equipments' development and its control strategy research.
Energy absorption characteristics study of aluminum foam-filled aluminum-tubes under high g value impact
GAO Meng, XU Peng
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 469-475.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.010
Abstract( 1328 )   HTML( 1 )     PDF(2409KB)( 785 )
In the process of high speed hard target penetration of projectile and projectile explosive dispersion process missile control circuits will withstand the impact acceleration of tens of thousands of g which needs buffer to protect control circuit modules.In order to design a better protection structure, we put forward three aluminum shell thicknesses combined with different densities of aluminum foam for the aluminum shell filling structure.With explicit dynamic finite element software LS-DYNA, the energy absorption effect of the structure was evaluated by 4 factors, the load efficiency, the specific energy absorption, the shock isolation efficiency and the maximum acceleration response.The study showed that the filling structure buffer with thickness of 0.8 mm combined with density of 1.1 g/cm3 provided the highest energy absorbing effect in all the different combination.
Scheme evaluation on railway location design in mountains based on cloud model
LUO Yuan, YAO Ling-kan
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 372-380.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006\|754X.2015.04.011
Abstract( 70 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(1861KB)( 2 )
The scheme evaluation of mountain railway location design has the characteristic that it has many qualitative indexes. The traditional evaluation methods have not fully taken the uncertainty characteristics of qualitative indexes into account, and it also lacks of appropriate evaluation methods when qualitative indicators and quantitative indicators cross with each other. Firstly, the advantages of the cloud model in describing uncertain information were used to improve the traditional AHP. Combined with deviation method, the subjective weight and objective weight of index were calculated respectively. Through a new weighted fusion mode, the combination weight was formed. Then, according to the principle of uncertain reasoning of cloud model, an effective quantification of qualitative indexes was achieved by using the cloud generator based on the evaluation about qualitative index made by experts using linguistic variables. Finally, the projection method was introduced to select the optimal scheme. Therefore, a new model of comprehensive scheme evaluation which contained both quantitative and qualitative indexes was proposed, and an example of local alignment scheme comparison was used to illustrate its feasibility and practicability. It provides a new idea and method for the scheme evaluation of railway location design in mountains.
Design, simulation and control of one kind of climbing tower robot
HUANG Lei, LUO Zhen-jun, XU Wen-jing, WANG Xian, WANG Chao-yue
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 476-481.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.011
Abstract( 1790 )   HTML( 1 )     PDF(3011KB)( 836 )
Recently, in the area of wind power, the task of cleaning, testing and maintaining of tower and blades regularly mainly depends on artificial high-altitude operations, which has high risk. To solve this problem, a three-platform robot was put forward, in which two platforms combined time belt and chain to hold pantograph mechanism and the other one combined trolley and strip to hold pantograph mechanism tightly. The simulation and analysis of main mechanism was conducted by multibody system dynamics simulation software RecurDyn, and the result was in line with the movement requirements. Finally, both hardware and software circuit design were introduced. The rotatory mechanism, lifting mechanism and scaling mechanism were controlled by TM320CF2812 DSP, which met safety requirements. By designing, simulating and controlling the robot, the existing shortcomings of Ring robot in British South Bank University were solved, with some innovation and superiority.
Design of new longitudinal vibration system in gear ultrasonic machining
LIANG Xin, LV Ming, WANG Shi-ying
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 381-386.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006\|754X.2015.04.012
Abstract( 93 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(1769KB)( 0 )
In existing gear longitudinal vibration system, the amplitudes of gear and horn are small at the connection site, so the output amplitude of gear is small and cannot meet the requirement of gear ultrasonic machining. Based on non-resonant design theory and whole resonant design theory, a new gear longitudinal vibration system, which consisted of a coupling vibration unit of gear and cylinder rod, a half-wavelength cone horn and a transducer, was designed. The amplitudes of gear and horn were large at the connection site of this new system, and the output amplitude of gear was increased as well. When the parameters of cone horn were certain, the diameters of gear and cylinder rod made no influence on the output amplitude of gear. However, the smaller the diameter of the small-end cone horn was, the larger the output amplitude of gear was. The feasibility and effectiveness of this new design method was verified by finite element analysis and resonant vibration experiment. A new design method for gear vibration system is provided which has important significance to the engineering application of gear ultrasonic machining.
Design of front-end control system for composite insulators' image on-line acquisition
XIE Wang-jun, LUO Yong, HUANG Jun, XIAO Yun-jun, XU Song-zhi, WANG Feng
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 482-486.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.012
Abstract( 1211 )   HTML( 1 )     PDF(2053KB)( 839 )
A front-end control system for composite insulators' image on-line acquisition based on wireless communication was designed to improve the safety of the on-line hydrophobicity detection of composite insulators. The system consisted of water spraying device, image acquisition device, wireless transceiver and computer, the water spraying device communicated with the wireless transceiver inserted in the computer through the 2.4G wireless module and the image acquisition device communicated with the computer through WiFi. When the water spraying device and the image acquisition device were installed on the top of the transmission tower, they could be controlled to spray water and take a picture to store in the computer. Then the picture could be used to analyze the level of hydrophobicity of the composite insulators by the hydrophobicity analysis software. Test results showed that the system worked not only stably but also safely and had the capability of strong anti-jamming. The package loss rate of wireless communication was less than 3.5%. Besides, when the battery was charged once, the system could work continuously for 14 h. The image acquired is clear which is suitable for detecting the hydrophobicity of composite insulators.
Supporting force control system design for transition process of stepping-type advanced supporting equipment
MAO Jun, YANG Zhen-hua, LU Jin-nan, XIE Miao
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 387-393.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006\|754X.2015.04.013
Abstract( 95 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(2060KB)( 0 )
There are problems of that the roof fall accidents of full-mechanized excavation head-on roadway take place frequently and the tunneling efficiency is low, supporting force of stepping-type advanced supporting equipment is instability and may damage roof during the transition process. In order to meet the requirements of stability, efficient and reliability for supporting the head-on roof, also to achieve the purpose of stepping-type advanced supporting equipment in the transition process to form an effective support, the electro-hydraulic proportional control technology was used and control scheme of supporting force of main and auxiliary cylinder groups was designed. Using spool displacement of the direction valve to control supporting force of cylinder groups, according to the components and principles of the system, the mathematical model and simulation model of control system was established. AMESim software was used for system simulation study, the control curve about spool displacement of proportional valve and supporting force with time were obtained. Simulation results showed that different control effects on different spool control curve were obviously different. The control curve based on volume increment was confirm to the requirements of the actual working conditions. In the meantime, the design of control system was reasonable by comparing the simulation data and the experimental results.
Study on an electric flow diverter for water flow facility
SUN Li-jun, ZHANG Zi-pan, CAI Bing-xin, LIU Da-wei, XU Tian-shi
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 487-492.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.013
Abstract( 1475 )   HTML( 1 )     PDF(1599KB)( 814 )
In order to reduce uncertainty and improve performance of flow diverter, on the basis of analyzing the structure of the flow diverter, the process of transfer and the factors impacting the uncertainty, a structure of electric flow diverter was put forward. A step motor directly drove the water separator to turn and realize the direction convert. The action of turning and direction convert was fully controlled by PCI cards. It could work at different flow point with different rate and had a good performance on the symmetry of forward and reverse process. The control strategy of the electric flow diverter was also investigated. A test bench for multi-caliber flow diverter was designed and built. The experimental tests of DN50 and DN80 flow diverters were carried out. It suggested, by the test data, the uncertainty of the electric flow diverter could reach 0.0012%, which could reduce the uncertainty of the diverter and noise. It will eventually reduce the overall uncertainty of liquid flow facility.
The effect of auxiliary bracing to the out-of-plane buckling of the crane jib
XIA Yong-jun,WANG Teng-fei,ZHANG Hong-sheng
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 394-398.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006\|754X.2015.04.014
Abstract( 104 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(1212KB)( 0 )
An analytical method for the out-of-plane buckling of the crane jib with auxiliary bracing was proposed. The analytical expression of the out-of-plane buckling characteristic equation was obtained by establishing the bending deflection differential equation of jib. The boundary conditions and deformation compatibility equations were introduced to obtain undetermined constants. The calculated results agreed well with that from ANSYS. The degeneration forms of the characteristic equation were explored to the single rod' s frame and the double rods' frame. The buckling loads of the jib with auxiliary bracing, the jibs with single rod and with double rods were compared. The result showed that the buckling load of the jib with auxiliary bracing was between the single rod' s frame and the double rods' frame, and the necessity of the auxiliary bracing was discussed.
Wear analysis on bucket tooth of WK-75 mining excavator
ZHANG Yan-qiang, LI Xiu-hong, REN Jia-jun, TAN Bin
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 493-498.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.014
Abstract( 1941 )   HTML( 1 )     PDF(3004KB)( 719 )
To explore the wear law of WK-75 mining excavator bucket tooth in terms of the size and the physical properties of the material, a three-dimensional parametric model of bucket and arm was established by UG and was imported into a finite element software. By the simulation analysis of bucket digging along the ideal digging track, the main wear parts of bucket was identified. The result was consistent with the actual situation, verifying the correctness of the model. Then the wear law of bucket tooth was explored from the aspect of density, hardness, size and shape of the material. The research work showed that the average wear depth of bucket tooth increased with the increase of density, hardness, particle size and sharp degree of the material, providing a certain reference for optimizing bucket structure from the term of reducing bucket tooth wear subsequently.
Research and application of finite element method in the design of wave spring
ZHANG Xiao-liang, LIN Wei-feng
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 399-404.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006\|754X.2015.04.015
Abstract( 103 )   HTML( 0 )     PDF(2497KB)( 0 )
Wave spring is one of the most important parts in the motor for vibration reduction. Perfect wave spring can substantially reduce the vibration of the normal running motor which extends the life of the motor. In order to design the wave spring which met the specifications from customer, finite element analysis method was used to simulate the wave spring pressure process. The characteristic of load-deflection curve was studied and three obvious inflection points were found. The relationship between these three inflection points and the stress diagram and theoretical formula of corresponding compressed wave spring was studied to find out the reason of why inflection points appeared in the load-deflection curve and modified the geometry parameters of wave spring according to the differences between the load-deflection curve and customer’ s specifications. Finite element analysis would be carried out again according to the new model until the load-deflection curve fitted the customer‘ s specifications. At last, the load-deflection curve of the last model was compared with curve generated by test to identify the reliability of finite element analysis method in the design of wave spring. The experimental results matched very well with the finite element analysis load-deflection curve which proved the effectiveness of the finite element analysis method in the design of wave spring.
Study on jammed process and mechanical analysis of VL type constant velocity universal joint
YIN Lin, LU Xi
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 499-504.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.015
Abstract( 1644 )   HTML( 1 )     PDF(1745KB)( 620 )
The VL type constant velocity universal joint produced by Xiangyang automobile bearing company was studied. It has jammed phenomenon when the VL type constant velocity universal joint rotates to a certain angle, which means that it needs strong strength to keep rotating towards some directions. To solve this problem, the structural design and the channel's processing technic of the universal joint was tested and analyzed. After calculating and testing, the conformity of both the VL universal joint's structural design and the channel's processing technic were proved which avoided the clamping stagnation. Then the stress analysis of steel ball was taken, and it showed that the direction of resultant forces was out of the frictional angle before the steel ball reached the block angle, and the direction moved into frictional angle when the ball reached around the block angle. According to the above analysis, it is found that the most direct way to avoid the block is to prevent the intersection angle between inner and outer joint member from running to a certain clamping angle.
Research on initial compression displacement of disc spring with limiting displacement
YAN Guo-ping, XIAO Lan
Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2015, 22(5): 505-508.   https://doi.org/10.3785/j.issn. 1006-754X.2015.05.016
Abstract( 1108 )   HTML( 1 )     PDF(1141KB)( 881 )
For exploring the selection and optimization method of disc spring parameters under specific conditions, with the disc spring as the research object in the article, disc spring parameters under the specific conditions was analyzed. According to the work principle and constraint conditions, analytic expression of initial compression displacement of the disc spring with limiting displacement was presented by means of the mathematic method. Based on the numerical analysis software MATLAB, the mathematical model for calculation of disc spring was established. According to specific given conditions, one convergence criteria of iterative solution of initial compression displacement was established combined with the calculation parameters of disc spring. For solving the mathematical model, the corresponding program was compiled, and the detail solution data of the correlation parameter of disc spring was obtained under the specific condition. After comprehensive consideration of the related factors, the optimized disc spring compression displacement value was accepted. The results showed that all the calculated height of the disc spring was nonlinear. With the increase of the set numbers of combination disk spring, the calculated height also increased. In addition, thinking of the cost, friction and disc spring design requirements, some design parameters of the disc spring should be appropriately optimized to satisfy the need of engineering design.
31 articles