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工程设计学报
工程设计学报  2021, Vol. 28 Issue (5): 662-670    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2021.00.068
通用零部件设计     
棱锥齿-半抛齿物探钻头的设计及破岩仿真
黄志强1, 周操1, 马亚超1, 谢豆1, 朱晶1, 王德贵2
1.西南石油大学 机电工程学院， 四川 成都 610500
2.中国石油天然气集团公司 宝鸡石油机械有限责任公司， 陕西 宝鸡 721002
Design and rock breaking simulation of pyramid teeth-half parabolic teeth hammer bit
HUANG Zhi-qiang1, ZHOU Cao1, MA Ya-chao1, XIE Dou1, ZHU Jing1, WANG De-gui2
1.School of Mechatronic Engineering， Southwest Petroleum University， Chengdu 610500， China
2.Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co.， Ltd.， China National Petroleum Corporation， Baoji 721002， China
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摘要： 在川渝地区复杂难钻地层的钻井勘探中，常规物探钻头存在破岩效率低、钻进速度慢、钻头使用寿命短、作业成本高等不足。因此，设计了棱锥齿和半抛齿两种新型硬质合金齿，并结合这2种齿的结构和工程实际设计了棱锥齿-半抛齿物探钻头，在钻头中间端面布置棱锥齿，边缘锥面均匀布置半抛齿。分析了棱锥齿和半抛齿的破岩机理，并采用有限元仿真方法，开展了棱锥齿与锥形齿、半抛齿与球形齿破岩的对比研究。结果表明：在冲击载荷和钻压作用下，相比于锥形齿，棱锥齿在岩石内部产生的应力更为集中；相比于球形齿，半抛齿切削刃切削挤压岩石时，在接触区域产生的应力更为集中；棱锥齿和半抛齿更容易破碎岩石，其破岩效率得到提高。开展了棱锥齿-半抛齿物探钻头和常规物探钻头的破岩仿真。结果表明：与常规物探钻头相比，棱锥齿-半抛齿物探钻头的钻进速度提升了38.3%，钻头的轴向加速度波动幅度减小了13%。研究结果可为棱锥齿-半抛齿物探钻头的研发提供理论支撑。
Abstract: In the drilling exploration of complex and difficult to drill formations in Sichuan and Chongqing, general hammer bit has some shortcomings, such as low rock breaking efficiency, slow drilling speed, short service life and high operation cost. Therefore, two new types of cemented carbide tooth, i.e. pyramid tooth and half parabolic tooth, were designed. Combined with the tooth structure and engineering practice of the two kinds of teeth, a pyramid tooth-half parabolic teeth hammer bit was designed. Pyramid teeth were arranged on the middle end face of the bit, and half parabolic teeth were evenly arranged on the edge cone. The rock breaking mechanism of pyramid tooth and half parabolic tooth was analyzed. Using finite element simulation method, the comparative study of rock breaking between pyramid tooth and conical tooth, half parabolic tooth and spherical tooth was carried out. The results showed that under impact load and bit pressure, the stress produced by pyramid tooth within the rock was more concentrated than that of conical tooth; compared with spherical tooth, the stress produced in the contact area was more concentrated when the half parabolic tooth cut and extruded rock; pyramid tooth and half parabolic tooth broken the rock easier, and the rock breaking efficiency was improved. The rock breaking simulation of pyramid tooth-half parabolic teeth hammer bit and general hammer bit was carried out. The results showed that compared with general hammer bit, the drilling speed of pyramid teeth- half parabolic teeth hammer bit was increased by 38.3%, and the fluctuation range of axial acceleration of the bit was reduced by 13%. The research results can provide theoretical support for the research and development of pyramid teeth-half parabolic teeth hammer bit.
收稿日期: 2020-09-07 出版日期: 2021-10-28
CLC:  TH 763.5  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金面上项目（51974272）；国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目（51904263）；中国石油天然气集团有限责任公司“十三五”重大科技项目（2019A-3908）
作者简介: 黄志强（1968—），男，四川眉山人，教授，博士，从事石油天然气装备研究，E-mail：huangzq@swpu.edu.cn， https：//orcid.org/0000-0001-7809-3241；
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引用本文:

黄志强, 周操, 马亚超, 谢豆, 朱晶, 王德贵. 棱锥齿-半抛齿物探钻头的设计及破岩仿真[J]. 工程设计学报, 2021, 28(5): 662-670.

HUANG Zhi-qiang, ZHOU Cao, MA Ya-chao, XIE Dou, ZHU Jing, WANG De-gui. Design and rock breaking simulation of pyramid teeth-half parabolic teeth hammer bit. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2021, 28(5): 662-670.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2021.00.068    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2021/V28/I5/662

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