Simulation test and optimization for structural parameters of circular arc gear discharging fertilizer apparatus

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2019.11.101

Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences)

2020, Vol. 46

Issue (5): 625-636 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2019.11.101

Agricultural engineering

Simulation test and optimization for structural parameters of circular arc gear discharging fertilizer apparatus

Guoqiang DUN¹(

),Zhiyong GAO²,Yanling GUO¹(

),Yuxuan LIU¹,Ning MAO¹,Wenyi JI³

^1.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
^2.College of Engineering and Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
^3.Engineering College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China

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Abstract

In order to improve the uniformity of the flow when fertilizer apparatus is working, a kind of fertilizer apparatus owned circular arc gears was designed. Taking the circular arc gear discharging fertilizer apparatus as the research object, this study used discrete element method (DEM) simulation to analyze the influence of two key components including the arc radius of concave-groove of circular arc gear discharging fertilizer (r₁) and the minimal length between two mutual meshing arc gears (l). The results indicated that the arc radius of concave-groove of circular arc gear discharging fertilizer had significant effect on the coefficient of determination of discharging fertilizer amount in unit time, and the minimal length between two mutual meshing arc gears had significant effect on the coefficient of variation of the stability of fertilizer sowing amount. The optimum structural parameters were 8.54 mm as the arc radius of concave-groove and 5.22 mm as the minimal length between two mutual meshing arc gears. Upon this circumstance, the coefficient of variation was 0.28, and the coefficient of determination was 0.997 2. The optimum structure was selected to do the bench test. The results indicated that the coefficient of variation of the quality changes of discharging fertilizer was 0.27, and the coefficient of determination of fertilizer discharging amount in unit time was 0.998 0. The results of simulation experiment were basically consistent with the real result.

Key words： agricultural machinery circular arc gear discharging fertilizer apparatus discrete element method structural parameter fertilizing performance

Received: 10 November 2019 Published: 19 November 2020

CLC:

S 224.21

Corresponding Authors: Yanling GUO E-mail: dunguoqiang1986@163.com;guo.yl@hotmail.com

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Cite this article:

Guoqiang DUN,Zhiyong GAO,Yanling GUO,Yuxuan LIU,Ning MAO,Wenyi JI. Simulation test and optimization for structural parameters of circular arc gear discharging fertilizer apparatus. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2020, 46(5): 625-636.

URL:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2019.11.101 OR http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/Y2020/V46/I5/625

圆弧齿轮排肥器圆弧结构参数仿真试验及优化

为保证排肥器排肥流量的均匀性，设计了一种圆弧齿轮排肥器。运用离散元仿真技术，以圆弧齿轮排肥器为研究对象，分析了圆弧排肥齿轮的轮槽圆弧半径r₁和两圆弧排肥齿轮之间的最小槽长l这2个关键因素对排肥器排肥性能的影响。试验结果表明：圆弧排肥齿轮的轮槽圆弧半径对单位时间排肥量的决定系数影响显著，两圆弧排肥齿轮之间的最小槽长对排肥量稳定性变异系数影响显著，最优的结构参数为r₁=8.54 mm，l=5.22 mm，此时，变异系数为0.28，决定系数为0.997 2。选择最优结构进行台架试验，排肥量稳定性变异系数为0.27，单位时间排肥量的决定系数为0.998 0，仿真试验结果和台架试验结果基本吻合。

关键词： 农业机械, 圆弧齿轮排肥器, 离散元法, 结构参数, 排肥性能

Fig. 1 Simplifying treatment of contact forces of particle to particle (or particle to wall) by soft-sphere model

Fig. 2 Comparison of two fertilizer apparatuses’ structuresA. Structure diagram of outer groove-wheel discharging fertilizer apparatus; B. Structure diagram of circular arc gear discharging fertilizer apparatus. 1: Shell of outer groove-wheel fertilizer apparatus; 2: Outer groove-wheel of discharging fertilizer; 3: Tongue of discharging fertilizer; 4: Shell of circular arc gear fertilizer apparatus; 5: Hole of driving hexagonal shaft; 6: Shaft of driven gear; 7: Shaft of follower gear; 8: Circular arc gear of discharging fertilizer.

Fig. 3 Comparison of two fertilizer apparatuses’ discharging effectsA. Schematic diagram of discharging fertilizer effect of outer groove-wheel discharging fertilizer apparatus; B. Schematic diagram of discharging fertilizer effect of circular arc gear discharging fertilizer apparatus.

Fig. 4 Design parameters of fertilizer apparatus

Fig. 5 Diagram of parameter calculation

Fig. 6 Influence of r₁ and l on the circular arc discharging fertilizer gear’s shape

Table 1 Setting of particle parameters in EDEM

Table 2 Setting of variable parameters in EDEM

Fig. 7 Model of simulation geometry1: Particle factory; 2: Urea particle; 3: Fertilizer board; 4: Circular arc gear of discharging fertilizer; 5: Shell of fertilizer apparatus; 6: Collection device of fertilizer; 7: Monitoring grid (b); 8: Monitoring grid (a). EDEM: Engineering discrete element method.

Fig. 8 Mass change of fertilizer particle from monitoring grid (a) in single experiment

Fig. 9 Mass change of fertilizer accumulation from monitoring grid (b) in single experiment

水平 Level	因素 Factor
水平 Level	圆弧排肥齿轮的轮槽圆弧半径 Arc radius of concave-groove of circular arc gear discharging fertilizer (r₁)/mm	两圆弧排肥齿轮之间的最小槽长 Minimal length of two mutual meshing arc gears (l)/mm
+ $γ$	11		7
+1	10		7
0	9		5
－1	8		4
－ $γ$	7		3

Table 3 Experimental factors and levels

编号 Identifier	自变量 Independent variable		试验指标 Test indicator
编号 Identifier	$x 1$	$x 2$	$σ$	$R 2$
1	－1	－1	0.399	0.995 1
2	1	－1	0.470	0.983 5
3	－1	1	0.482	0.993 8
4	1	1	0.295	0.985 3
5	－1.414	0	0.356	0.993 8
6	1.414	0	0.364	0.978 2
7	0	－1.414	0.670	0.998 0
8	0	1.414	0.377	0.990 8
9	0	0	0.324	0.995 4
10	0	0	0.274	0.996 9
11	0	0	0.296	0.993 9
12	0	0	0.272	0.998 7
13	0	0	0.300	0.998 5
14	0	0	0.261	0.996 9
15	0	0	0.297	0.991 4
16	0	0	0.264	0.998 6

Table 4 Experimental schemes and results of quadratic orthogonal rotary

Table 5 Variance analysis of the influence of each factor on the stability coefficient of variation of discharging fertilizer in monitoring grid (a)

Table 6 Variance analysis of the influence of each factor on the coefficient of determination of discharging fertilizer per unit time in monitoring grid (b)

Fig. 10 Response surface map of the minimal length of two mutual meshing arc gears l and the arc radius of concave-groove r₁ to coefficient of variation

Fig. 11 Response surface map of the minimal length of two mutual meshing arc gears l and the arc radius of concave-groove r₁ to coefficient of determination

Fig. 12 Three-dimension printing model and experimental equipment1: Circular arc gears of discharging fertilizer; 2: Shell; 3: Straight involute cylindrical gear; 4: Box of fertilizer apparatus; 5: Frequency transformer; 6: Electric machinery used to drive fertilizer apparatus; 7: Urea particle; 8: Conveyor belt; 9: Electric machinery used to drive conveyor belt; 10: Rack in experiment.


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