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Influence of different packaging structures on forced air pre-cooling effect of blueberry |
Da WANG1,2(),Xiangzheng YANG1(),Binguang JIA1,Maoyu WU1 |
1.Jinan Fruits Research Institute, All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, Jinan 250200, China 2.School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China |
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Abstract In order to overcome the disadvantages of the large pressure loss, temperature unevenness and slow cooling rate, a packaging system which was suitable for the small diameter fruit of pre-cooling was discussed by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The mathematical models of four types of packaging systems were established, taking the current harvesting, pre-cooling and storage boxes of blueberry as the research objects to investigate the influence of height of trapezoidal hole on the pre-cooling effect of blueberry when the opening rate was constant. The results indicated that the change trend of pre-cooling time of the four types of packaging systems was box 1 > box 2 > box 4 > box 3, and the pre-cooling time and the height of the trapezoidal hole showed the positive correlation; the change trend of pressure loss, unevenness and plot ratio were the same, all of which were box 4 > box 3 > box 2 > box 1, and there was negative correlation between the pressure loss, unevenness, plot ratio and the height of the trapezoidal hole. The change rate of pre-cooling time, pressure loss, unevenness and plot ratio were 6.98%, 24.10%, 28.10% and 23.30%, respectively, when the trapezoidal height increased from 20 mm to 34 mm. In general, pre-cooling time, pressure loss, unevenness and plot ratio should be comprehensive considered when the packaging systems of blueberry are chosen. Box 3 or 4 should be opted, if highly cooling rate and plot ratio are carried out. Contrarily,box 1 or 2 are a better choice,if the operators want to decrease energy consumption and increase uniformity of blueberry on pre-cooling.
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Received: 12 August 2019
Published: 25 February 2020
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Corresponding Authors:
Xiangzheng YANG
E-mail: wangda19910@163.com;yangxiangzheng318@163.com
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不同包装结构对蓝莓压差预冷效果的影响
针对现有小果径果蔬预冷包装压力损失大、温度不均匀、降温速度慢等问题,利用计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics, CFD)软件,以目前通用的蓝莓采摘、预冷、贮藏包装箱为研究对象,建立4种箱体结构的数学模型,探究在相同开孔率下,梯形孔高度对蓝莓预冷效果的影响。结果表明:总开孔率一定时,梯形高度与预冷时间呈正相关关系,4种箱体预冷时间变化趋势为箱体1>箱体2>箱体4>箱体3;4个箱体的压力损失、预冷不均匀度与容积率的变化趋势一致,均为箱体4>箱体3>箱体2>箱体1,即压力损失、不均匀度、容积率与梯形高度呈负相关关系。梯形高度从20 mm增加到34 mm时,预冷时间、压力损失、不均匀度和容积率变化率分别为6.98%、24.10%、28.10%与23.30%。总之,蓝莓预冷箱体的选择需要综合考虑预冷时间、压力损失、均匀度与容积率因素,若是想实现快速预冷和预冷过程中的高容积率,则选择箱体3或者箱体4;若是想减少压差风机的能耗,提高预冷均匀性,则选择箱体1或者箱体2。
关键词:
压差预冷,
蓝莓,
预冷箱体,
不均匀度,
压力损失
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