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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences)  2020, Vol. 46 Issue (2): 234-242    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2019.06.181
Animal sciences & veterinary medicine     
Effects of caged stress on the duodenal tissue structure, antioxidant capacity and gene mRNA expression level of Shaoxing duck
Tiantian GU1,2(),Yong TIAN1,Wei ZHOU3,Guofa LIU3,Li CHEN1,Tao ZENG1,Xinsheng WU2,Qi XU2,Guohong CHEN2(),Lizhi LU1()
1.Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
2.College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
3.Zhoukou Guiliu Duck Breeding Co. , Ltd. , Zhoukou 461300, Henan, China
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Abstract  

Eighty 200-day-old Shaoxing ducks were randomly divided into two groups, including the ground group (control group) and the caged stress group (treatment group). Then the tissue damage degree of the duodenum and antioxidant indicators were determinated, and the relative expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress gene, inflammation-related gene and apoptotic gene mRNA were detected by real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at 1, 2, 4, 7 and 10 d after cage rearing, which providing theoretical basis for the large-scale breeding of laying ducks and the scientific prevention for caged stress disease. The results showed that: 1) With the increase of caged stress time, the damage degree of the duodenum in the treatment group gradually increased, mainly manifested by inflammatory cell infiltration and intestinal gland epithelial cell shedding. 2) During the progress of caged stress, the duodenal malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), activities in the treatment group showed fluctuating changes, while the catalase (CAT) activity increased significantly at the 7th day after cage rearing (P＜0.05). 3) RT-PCR results showed that compared with the control group, the endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes glucose regulated protein 78 (GRP78)and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein (CHOP) mRNA expression levels showed fluctuating changes, and increased significantly in the Shaoxing ducks at the 2nd and 10th day after cage rearing (P＜0.05). In addition, the expression level of apoptosis-related gene Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) mRNA increased significantly at the 7th and 10th day after cage rearing (P＜0.05), while the expression of cysteinecontaining aspartate-specific proteases-3 (Caspase3) mRNA expression level was not significantly different from the control group (P＞0.05). At the same time, the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression level was significantly up-regulated and increased significantly at the 10th day after cage rearing (P＜0.05), while the expression level of inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) showed a trend of decreasing first and then increasing. The above results indicate that the stress of caged rearing causes different degrees of tissue damage on Shaoxing duck duodenum, which enhances the body’s antioxidant capacity. At the same time, the up-regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress intensity eventually leads to apoptosis and inflammation.

Key words： caged stress      Shaoxing duck      duodenum      antioxidant capacity      gene expression     
Received: 18 June 2019      Published: 22 May 2020
CLC:  S 834  
Corresponding Authors: Guohong CHEN,Lizhi LU     E-mail: gtt19931029@126.com;ghchen@yzu.edu.cn;lulizhibox@ 163.com
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Tiantian GU
Yong TIAN
Wei ZHOU
Guofa LIU
Li CHEN
Tao ZENG
Xinsheng WU
Qi XU
Guohong CHEN
Lizhi LU
Cite this article:

Tiantian GU,Yong TIAN,Wei ZHOU,Guofa LIU,Li CHEN,Tao ZENG,Xinsheng WU,Qi XU,Guohong CHEN,Lizhi LU. Effects of caged stress on the duodenal tissue structure, antioxidant capacity and gene mRNA expression level of Shaoxing duck. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2020, 46(2): 234-242.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2019.06.181     OR     http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/Y2020/V46/I2/234


上笼应激对绍兴鸭十二指肠组织结构、抗氧化能力及基因mRNA表达量的影响

将80只200日龄的绍兴蛋鸭随机分为2组，即地面平养组和上笼应激组，在上笼后第1、2、4、7和10天对十二指肠的组织损伤程度以及抗氧化等指标进行测定，并通过实时荧光聚合酶链式反应（real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction, RT-PCR）检测内质网应激、炎症和凋亡相关基因mRNA的相对表达量，为蛋鸭的规模化养殖和上笼应激诱发症的科学防预提供理论依据。结果发现：1）随着上笼应激时间的增加，试验组十二指肠的损伤程度逐渐增加，主要表现为炎症细胞浸润和肠腺上皮细胞脱落。 2）上笼应激过程中，试验组十二指肠丙二醛（malondialdehyde, MDA）含量,总抗氧能力（total antioxidant capacity, T-AOC）、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase, SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase, GSH-Px）活性呈现波动性变化，而过氧化氢酶（catalase, CAT）活性在上笼应激后第7天显著增加（P＜0.05）。3）RT-PCR检测结果显示：与对照组相比，内质网应激相关基因葡萄糖调节蛋白78（glucose regulated protein 78, GRP78）和CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白同源蛋白（CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-homologous protein, CHOP） mRNA表达水平呈现波动性变化，且在上笼后第2和10天显著增加（P＜0.05）;凋亡相关基因Bcl-2相关X蛋白（Bcl-2 associated X protein, Bax） mRNA表达水平在上笼后第7和10天显著增加（P＜0.05），而半胱氨酸天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶3（cysteinecontaining aspartate-specific proteases-3, Caspase3） mRNA表达量较对照组差异不显著（P＞0.05）；炎症相关基因环氧合酶-2（cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2） mRNA水平显著上调，且在上笼后第10天显著增加（P＜0.05），而诱导型一氧化氮合酶（inducible nitric oxide, iNOS）表达水平则呈现先下降后上升的趋势。综上表明，上笼应激过程引起绍兴鸭十二指肠不同程度的组织损伤，同时内质网应激强度上调，最终导致细胞凋亡和炎症反应的产生。


关键词： 上笼应激,  绍兴鸭,  十二指肠,  抗氧化能力,  基因表达 

引物名称

Primer name

引物序列（5′→3′）

Primer sequence (5′→3′)

GenBank序列号

GenBank accession number

片段大小

Product length/bp

退火温度

Annealing temperature/℃

qCHOP-FAAGAGGGGCAGTGGTGTXM_02744584518860
qCHOP-RTAGGTCTGGCGGAGGTT
qGRP78-FTTACTGTGCCAGCCTACTTXM_00502444415360
qGRP78-RGGATGTTCTTCTCACCCTCT
qCOX-2-FCACGCTCTGATTGTTGCCNM_0011677189060
qCOX-2-RAGGATTTGTAGGGATGGG
qiNOS-FCCACCAGGAGATGTTGAATATGTCNM_20496115860
qiNOS-RAGGATTTGTAGGGATGGG
qCaspase3-FCTACTGCTCCAGGCTATTACTXM_00503049413860
qCaspase3-RACACTCTGCGATTTACACG
qBax-FGAAACCAAGCGGCTCAKY78866019360
qBax-RGGCAGGCGAAGTAGAAG
β-actin-FATGTCGCCCTGGATTTCGGI15117613816560
β-actin-RCACAGGACTCCATACCCAAGAA
Table 1 Information for RT-PCR primers
Fig. 1 Effect of caged stress on the structure of duodenum in Shaoxing duckA-E. Control group; F-J. Treatment group. Black arrow indicates the shedded intestinal gland epithelial cells.
Fig. 2 Effect of caged stress on the duodenal antioxidant capacity of Shaoxing duck
Fig. 3 Effect of caged stress on the mRNA expression level of duodenal stress-related genes of Shaoxing duckSingle asterisk （*） indicates significant differences among different treatments at the same stress time at the 0.05 probability level.
Fig. 4 Effect of caged stress on the mRNA expression level of duodenal apoptosis-related genes of Shaoxing duckSingle asterisk （*） indicates significant differences among different treatments at the same stress time at the 0.05 probability level.
Fig. 5 Effect of caged stress on the mRNA expression level of duodenal inflammation-related genes of Shaoxing duckSingle asterisk （*） indicates significant differences between different treatments at the same stress time at the 0.05 probability level.
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