| Resource & environmental sciences |
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| Estimating of ecological service value for different wetland types based on multi-source data fusion in Ningxia Plain. |
| BO Xiaoyan1,2, MI Wenbao3*, XU Hao4, DONG Jun5 |
| (1. School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; 2. Ningxia Polytechnic, Yinchuan 750021, China; 3. School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China; 4. Institute of desertification Control, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750021, China; 5. College of Earth Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China) |
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Abstract Wetlands are important ecosystems with various functions in Northwest of China. Though Ningxia Plain locates in arid region, wetlands are widely distributed in the region because of the Yellow River, where the wetlands are typical as oasis wetlands. There are four different types of wetlands, including rivers, lakes, marshes and constructed wetlands. A variety of ecological services are widely provided for people living in the developing countries. Therefore, evaluation on ecosystem services plays an important role in management and conservation of wetlands. The aim of this study is to better understand the economic value and service value of wetland, which could offer a basis on decision making for sustainable development. Field investigation and laboratory analysis, combining remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) technology and statistical data were used to assess the ecological service value of the wetland in Yellow River valleys of Ningxia Plain, including eight final services, such as material production, water supply, water quality purification, climate regulation, carbon sequestration and oxygen release, soil conservation, scientific research and entertainment, and four middle services, such as water storage, net primary productivity, nutrient cycling and wild life habitat. Mathematic and economic methods were applied, including market value method, carbon tax rate method, shadow project method, development phase coefficient, travel cost method and result parameter method. In order to avoid repeated calculation, wetland ecosystem services were divided into ultimate services and were further used as the gross value of ecosystem services for the wetland. The results showed that in 2014, the total ecosystem service value of wetlands in Ningxia Plain was about 228.22×108 Yuan RMB, accounting for 15% of gross domestic product in Ningxia Plain area, and the middle service value was 125.69×108 Yuan RMB. The order of final service value for different wetland types was as follows: river (136.82 ×108 Yuan RMB) > marsh (36.80 ×108 Yuan RMB) > lake (32.56×108 Yuan RMB)> constructed wetland (22.04×108 Yuan RMB). The ecosystem service function value of the rivers, lakes, marshes and constructed wetland were 19.85×104, 11.07×104, 11.02×104 and 12.42×104 Yuan RMB/hm2 respectively, and the ecological service value per unit area of the river is the highest. The service value of wetland in the unit area was about 15.27×104 Yuan RMB/hm2, and the order of final service value was as follows: leisure tourism > water supply > carbon sequestration and oxygen release > climate regulation > soil conservation > material production > water quality purification > scientific research. The spatial distribution of ecosystem service value showed significant variation in Ningxia Plain wetland, in which the highest service value of river, lake and marsh wetlands was in Pingluo County, and the highest service value of constructed wetland was in Helan County, and the lower service value was observed in Xixia and Jinfeng Districts of Yinchuan.
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Published: 20 March 2016
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基于多源数据融合的宁夏平原不同湿地类型生态服务功能价值评估
通过市场价值法、碳税率法、影子工程法、发展阶段系数法、旅行费用法和成果参数法对宁夏平原河流、湖泊、沼泽、人工湿地4种不同类型湿地的生态服务价值进行估算，以最终服务价值作为宁夏平原湿地生态系统服务的总价值，并在景观分类的基础上结合遥感影像对宁夏平原不同类型湿地的生态服务价值进行空间表达。结果表明：2014年宁夏平原湿地生态服务功能总价值约为228.22×108元，占宁夏平原地区国内生产总值的15%，中间服务价值为125.69×108元；单位面积湿地生态服务最终价值约为15.27×104元/hm2，低于全球和全国湿地而高于西北内陆干旱区，显示出其特有的绿洲湿地特点；最终服务价值按从大到小排序依次为旅游休闲>提供水源>固碳释氧>气候调节>土壤保持>物质生产>净化水质>文化科研价值；从不同湿地类型最终服务价值来看，各湿地类型总价值为河流(136.82×108元)>沼泽(36.80×108元)>湖泊(32.56×108元）>人工湿地(22.04×108元)，单位面积生态最终服务价值为河流(19.85×104元/hm2)>人工湿地(12.42×104 元/hm2)>湖泊(11.07×104元/hm2)>沼泽(11.02×104元/hm2)；宁夏平原湿地生态服务功能价值空间差异很大，河流、湖泊、沼泽湿地服务功能价值量均是平罗县最高，人工湿地服务价值量最高的是贺兰县，银川市西夏区和金凤区4类湿地的价值量均较低。
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