| Agricultural sciences |
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| Design and performance investigation for substrate filler in protected horticulture |
| WEI Yuyong1, LU Jun2, SHENG Kuichuan3* , QIAN Xiangqun3, SHEN Junfeng2 |
| (1. Jiaxing Vocational Technical College, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314036, China; 2. School of Engineering, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin′an， Zhejiang 311300, China; 3. School of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China) |
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Abstract Substrate filler is one of the important equipments for mechanization growing seedlings. Mechanized breeding has been developed as a new horticulture technology in recent ten years worldwide. It has become a professional commercial seedling production way in many countries, particularly in Europe and America. Development of substrate filler machine and seedling production line can promote the seedling production in protected horticulture. With the rapid development of modern horticultural production, the demand for substrate filler is increasing dramatically. However, the composition of substrate filler is very complicated in structure. It is difficult to develop a single type of substrate filler to meet the demand of all crop growth. Furthermore, automatic feeding device is complex and expensive in the fierce competition in the growing market. Therefore, people are looking for more convenient and effective seedling medium automatic feeding devices, which can not only fill substrate in plugs, but also mix matrix uniformity according to various specifications.
Now, the design, performance testing and filled result of TLZ-400 type substrate filler
were reported. This filler was composed of material tank, lifting device, matrix tray conveying agency, vibration, rotating scraper, bodies brush, and electrical control components. The working principle is that the mixing substrate is transported to plug over and fall into the tray on a conveyor belt after promotion agencies raise, followed by scraper shaving, vibration shaking, and brush cleaning, so as to achieve the purpose of smooth and uniform mixing of substrate in plugs. The purpose was to investigate and confirm the main technical parameters of TLZ-400 type substrate filler.The technical characteristic parameters，productivity, and power consumption of TLZ-400 type substrate filler were measured by using selected perlite (50%), organic fertilizer and black earth (30%), and sawdust (20%) as mixed substrate. Substrate uniformity, sample standard deviation, and sample coefficient variation were also analyzed by using substrate sampling methods of 18-36 holes in plugs.
Results showed that supporting power of this substrate filler was 1180 W and the production capacity ranged from 50 to 380 tray/h. When the vibration status was off or on, the total standard deviation was 1.485 or 1.247, and the total coefficient variation was 7.94% or 6.70%, respectively. We conclude that the TLZ-400 type substrate filler is suitable for matrix filler, vibration, cleaning, and recycling. It is ready for seeder sowing after the substrate is uniformly filled in nursery plug.
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Published: 20 May 2013
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设施园艺基质填料机设计与性能研究
为了确定TLZ-400型基质填料机各项性能指标，以珍珠岩（50%）、有机肥和黑土（30%）、锯木屑（20%）为混合基质，通过试验测定了该填料机的主要技术特征参数、生产率和耗电量等性能指标，并采用穴盘中18~36穴取样的方法研究了填料均匀度、样本标准差和样本变异系数。试验结果表明：基质填料机的总配套动力为1180 W；生产能力50~380盘/h，可调；振动状态在关和开的情况下，填料机总标准差分别为1.485和1.247，总变异系数分别为7.94%和6.70%。说明TLZ-400型基质填料机适用于育苗穴盘的基质填料，其填料、振实、余料清扫和回收可一次性完成。基质均匀填充到穴盘内可为后续播种机的播种做好准备。
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