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Investigation of differential movement at railroad bridge approaches through geotechnical instrumentation
Debakanta Mishra, Erol Tutumluer, Timothy D. Stark, James P. Hyslip, Steven M. Chrismer, Michael Tomas
Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A (Applied Physics & Engineering), 2012, 13(11): 814-824.
https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A12ISGT7
Railway transitions experience differential movements due to differences in track system stiffness, track damping characteristics, foundation type, ballast settlement from fouling and/or degradation, as well as fill and subgrade settlement. This differential movement is especially problematic for high speed rail infrastructure as the ‘bump’ at the transition is accentuated at high speeds. Identification of different factors contributing towards this differential movement, as well as development of design and maintenance strategies to mitigate the problem is imperative for the safe and economical operation of both freight and passenger rail networks. This paper presents the research framework and initial instrumentation details from an ongoing research effort at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Three bridge approaches experiencing recurrent geometry problems were instrumented using multidepth deflectometers (MDDs) and strain gages to identify different factors contributing to the development of differential movements.
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Key aspects on the behaviour of the ballast and substructure of a modern railway track: research-based practical observations in Finland
Antti Nurmikolu
Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A (Applied Physics & Engineering), 2012, 13(11): 825-835.
https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A12ISGT1
This paper presents an overview on the wide-ranging track structure studies at the Tampere University of Technology (TUT), Finland dealing with the key aspects of track geotechnics related to high-speed passenger traffic on ballasted tracks. Special attention is paid to ballast and sub-ballast, while also considering frost action, embankment stability, track stiffness, track geometry and transition zones. As a result, this paper states that understanding the ballast degradation mechanism and its consequences and assessment of its condition occupy an important role in the construction and maintenance of a smooth high-speed rail line. The choices related to building the sub-ballast also have a dramatic impact on later track deformations and maintenance needs. In cold climate, especially where seasonal frost occurs, understanding and taking into account the frost action mechanism is crucial. Especially in the maintenance and rehabilitation planning of existing tracks, high-class analyses of ground penetrating radar data and its integrated analysis with other data can yield considerable benefits.
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Application of polyurethane geocomposites to help maintain track geometry for high-speed ballasted railway tracks
Peter Keith Woodward, Abdellah El Kacimi, Omar Laghrouche, Gabriela Medero, Meysam Banimahd
Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A (Applied Physics & Engineering), 2012, 13(11): 836-849.
https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A12ISGT3
There are many issues surrounding the performance of critical assets on high-speed ballasted railway lines. At assets like switch & crossings and bridge transitions high track forces can be produced resulting in higher ballast settlements and hence track misalignments. The latter result in higher track forces and hence more settlement, leading to the need for increased track maintenance to ensure comfort and safety. Current technologies for solving issues like ballast movement under high-speed loading regimes are limited. However, a technique that has been well used across the UK and now increasingly overseas to stabilise and reinforce ballasted railway tracks is the application of in-situ polyurethane polymers, termed XiTRACK. This paper discusses how this technique can be used to solve these types of long-standing issues and presents actual polymer application profiles at two typical critical sites, namely a junction and a transition onto concrete slab-track.
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Multiphysics extension to physically based analyses of pipes with emphasis on frost actions
Zhen Liu, Xiong (Bill) Yu, Jun-liang Tao, Ye Sun
Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A (Applied Physics & Engineering), 2012, 13(11): 877-887.
https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A12ISGT2
Pipes, especially buried pipes, in cold regions generally experience a rash of failures during cold weather snaps. However, the existing heuristic models are unable to explain the basic processes involving frost actions. This is because the frost action is not a direct load but one that causes variations in pipe-soil interactions resulting from the coupled thermo- hydro-mechanical process in soils. This paper developed and implemented a holistic multiphysics simulation model for freezing soils and extended it to the analysis of pipe-soil systems. The theoretical framework was implemented to analyze both static and dynamic responses of buried pipes subjected to frost actions. The multiphysics simulations reproduced phenomena commonly observed during frost actions, e.g., ice fringe advancement and an increase in the internal stress of pipes. The influences of important design factors, i.e., buried depth and overburden pressure, on pipe responses were simulated. A fatigue cracking criterion was utilized to predict the crack initialization under the joint effects of frost and dynamic traffic loads. The frost effects were found to have detrimental effects for accelerating fatigue crack initialization in pipes.
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A semi-analytical method for the analysis of pile-supported embankments
Wan-huan Zhou, Ren-peng Chen, Lin-shuang Zhao, Zheng-zhong Xu, Yun-min Chen
Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE A (Applied Physics & Engineering), 2012, 13(11): 888-894.
https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A12ISGT4
In this paper, a semi-analytical method for the analysis of pile-supported embankments is proposed. The mathematic model describes the cooperative behavior of pile, pile cap, foundation soil, and embankment fills. Based on Terzaghi’s 1D consolidation theory of saturated soil, the consolidation of foundation soil is calculated. The embankments with two different types of piles: floating piles and end-bearing piles are investigated and discussed. The results of axial force and skin friction distributions along the pile and the settlements of pile-supported embankments are presented. It is found that it takes a longer time for soil consolidation in the embankment with floating piles, compared with the case using end-bearing piles. The differential settlement between the pile and surrounding soil at the pile top is larger for the embankment with end-bearing piles, compared with the case of floating piles.
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10 articles
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