| Civil Engineering |
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| Two-dimensional pipe leakage through a line crack in water distribution systems |
| Shuai Guo, Tu-qiao Zhang, Wei-yun Shao, David Z. Zhu, Yuan-yu Duan |
| College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Deptment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2W2, Canada |
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Abstract In water distribution systems, water leakage from cracked water pipes is a major concern for water providers. Generally, the relationship between the leakage rate and the water pressure can be modeled by a power function developed from the orifice equation. This paper presents an approximate solution for the computation of the steady-state leakage rate through a longitudinal line crack of a water distribution pipe considering the surrounding soil properties. The derived solution agrees well with results of numerical simulations. Compared with the traditional models, the new solution allows assessment of all the parameters that related with leakage including the pressure head inside the pipe, hydraulic conductivity, crack size and its position, and pipe size and its depth.
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Received: 11 September 2012
Published: 30 April 2013
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