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Contents of phytochemicals and antinutritional factors in commercial protein-rich plant products |
Pirjo H. Mattila,* Juha-Matti Pihlava,** Jarkko Hellstr?m,** Markus Nurmi,** Merja Eurola,** Sari M?kinen,** Taina Jalava**and Anne Pihlanto**
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*Natural Resources Institute Finland, Itainen Pitkakatu 4, 20520, Turku, Finland and **Natural Resources Institute Finland, 31600 Jokioinen, Finland |
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Abstract
Objectives:The goal of this study was to determine several beneficial and antinutritional compounds in the commercial products of some protein-rich crops.
Materials and Methods:Samples of faba bean (Vicia faba), lupin (Lupinus angustifolius), rapeseedpress cake (Brassica rapa/napus subsp. Oleifera), flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum), oil hemp seed(Cannabis sativa), buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum), and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) were purchased from the grocery stores and from the producers. The phytochemicals were analyzed usingvarious validated methods.
Results:Rape seed press cake contained the highest contents of phenolics. The highest contents ofproanthocyanidins were found in faba bean (470 ± 14 mg/100g DW). Secoisolariciresinol-diglucosidecontent in the flaxseeds was 138 ± 32 mg/100 g DW and the lignanamide content of hemp seeds was77 ± 22 mg/100 g DW. The content of phytic acid in rapeseed cake, hemp seed and flaxseed sampleswas 3.9 ± 0.1, 3.5 ± 0.2, and 1.9 ± 0 g/100 g DW, respectively. Rape seed cake contained glucosinolates 2.08 ± 0.74 umol/g DW and faba bean contained vicine and convicine 0.77 ± 0.11 and 0.42 ± 0.02 g/100 g DW, respectively. Quinoa contained saponins 557 mg/100 g DW and after abrasive milling/pearling the content was 36 mg/100 g DW. Generally, the phytochemicals were concentrated in theouter shell of the seed. Inhibitory activities against proteolytic enzymes, trypsin and α-chymotrypsin,varied among the samples analyzed. Highest activity was found in buckwheat samples, whereas lupinand rapeseed press cake had no inhibitory activity against tested enzymes.
Conclusions: This paper presented new findings on the contents of phytochemicals in various underusedplant protein sources.
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Received: 29 March 2018
Published: 22 October 2018
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Corresponding Authors:
Pirjo H. Mattila, Natural Resources Institute Finland, Itäinen Pitkäkatu 4, 20520 Turku, Finland.
E-mail: pirjo.mattila@luke.fi
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富含蛋白质的植物商品中植物化学物质和抗营养因子的含量
目的:本研究目的是确定一些富含蛋白质的植物产品中几种有益和抗营养的化合物。
材料和方法:蚕豆,羽扇豆,油菜压榨饼,亚麻籽(Linum usitatissimum),大麻籽,荞麦和藜麦样品购自杂货店和生产商。使用各种已验证的方法分析植物化学物质。
结果:油菜籽压榨饼含有最高含量的酚类物质。蚕豆中原花青素含量最高(470±14 mg / 100g DW)。亚麻籽中的亚麻木酚素含量为138±32 mg / 100 g DW,大麻籽的木质素酰胺含量为77±22 mg / 100 g DW。菜籽饼、大麻籽和亚麻籽样品中的植酸含量分别为3.9±0.1,3.5±0.2和1.9±0g / 100g DW。菜籽饼含有2.08±0.74 umol / g DW的硫代葡萄糖苷,蚕豆含有蚕豆嘧啶葡萄苷;和伴蚕豆嘧啶核苷分别为0.77±0.11和0.42±0.02 g / 100 g DW。藜麦含有557mg / 100g DW的皂苷,并且在研磨后,含量为36mg / 100g DW。通常,植物化学物质集中在种子的外壳中。在分析的样品中,对蛋白水解酶、胰蛋白酶和α-胰凝乳蛋白酶的抑制活性各不相同。在荞麦样品中发现最高活性,而羽扇豆和油菜籽压榨饼对测试的酶没有抑制。
结论:本文呈现了各种未充分利用的植物蛋白来源中植物化学物质新发现。
关键词:
富含蛋白植物,
植物化学素,
抗营养素,
测定,
含量
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